Civ IA- PowerPoint text for Lecture 2
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Lecture 2- Prehistory
I)
Paleolithic Age
II)
Neolithic Age
III)
Mesopotamia
IDs:
Epistomology
Convergence
fides et ratio
hunter/gatherer
Ancestor worship
Neanderthal
Cromagnon
Agricultural Revolution
river plains societies
Urban Revolution
Irrigation
Surplus
elemental gods
pictograms
Ziggurat
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Notecards
1) Name
2) Year in school
3) Hometown
4) Previous college history (if any)
5) Major
6) Most interesting historical figure
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Debate over evolution
Prof. Fitzgibbons
Epistemology
cuneiform
Debate:
Literalist
vs.
Symbolic
Catholic teaching?
Humani Generis (1950)- sep. of body and soul
Pope John Paul II
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Pope John Paul II on
science and religion
(speech to the Pontifical Academy of Sciences, 1979)
“We cannot but deplore certain attitudes which have existed among Christians themselves,
insufficiently attentive to the legitimate autonomy of science. Sources of tensions and conflicts, they
have lead many minds to conclude that faith and science are mutually opposed.” (1979)
Further statement (on science and religion in general): Fides et Ratio (1998)
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Pope John Paul II on evolution (1996)
“Today, more than a half-century after the appearance of [Pius XII’s Humani Generis], some new findings
lead us toward the recognition of evolution as more than an hypothesis.”
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Early homonids
“Lucy”
C. 3-4 million years ago
Recent discovery
East Africa (Zaire)
C. 8 million years ago
Concurrent types of homonids
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II) Paleolithic Age
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Paleolithic Peoples
From 2.5m years BC- to 10,000 BC
“Old” + “stone”
Discovery of fire- c. 500,000 BC
Hunter/gatherer communities
- followed wild herds
- 20-30 individuals
Moved from Africa to Europe and Asia
Stressful life
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Paleolithic Shelters
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Paleolithic Era Inhabitants
Homo sapiens- approx. 200,000 BC
- 2 types
#1- Neanderthals
- 100,000 BC - 40,000 BC
- early language
- early religion- “ancestor worship”
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Neanderthal burial
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Cave Paintings
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Paleolithic Era Inhabitants
Homo sapiens- approx. 200,000 BC
- 2 types
#1- Neanderthals
#2 Cromagnon (homo sapiens sapiens)c. 250,000- 10,000 BC
- community
- outlasted Neanderthals
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II) Neolithic Age
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Neolithic Peoples
Began after the end of the Great Ice Age (around 10,000 BC)
Food moved north
Mild and damp climates
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Revolution #1:
Agricultural Revolution
1st Major change:
Agricultural Revolution
- 7,000 or 8,000
years BC
- domestication
- gamble
- payoff
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Neolithic creations
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Neolithic burial
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Neolithic burial site at Newgrange
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Revolution #2:
Urban Revolution
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Earliest Cities
Satal Huyuk (Catal Hüyük)- c. 7000 BC
Around 6,000 residents
Use of copper
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“Civilization” and the Urban Revolution:
4 basic components
Political
- irrigation→
organization
Religious
- ancestor worship→
elemental gods
Economic/social
- surplus
- specialization
Cultural
- pictographs