AP European History
Ch. 23 Study Guide – Mass Society in an Age of Progress
Chapter Terms (Define 20 using complete sentences)
Steel
Chemical Industry
Electricity
Internal Combustion Engine
Tariffs
Cartels
La belle epoque
German Industrial Leadership
White-Collar Jobs
German Social Democratic
Party
Evolutionary
socialism/revisionism
Anarchism
Mass society
Public Health Act of 1875
(BR)
Plutocrats
Middle Classes
Lower Classes
Mass education
Mass leisure
Music & dance halls
Mass tourism
Team sports
Mass consumption
Home rule (Ireland)
Third Republic of France
Reichstag/Bundesrat
Kulturkampf
Nationalities Problem
Alexander III (RUS)
Complete the Following Sentences
1. British industrialist fell behind their
suspicious of
and failed to invest in
counterparts because they were
education.
2. Women first broke into the labor force because of the increased importance of
work, which generally required few skills beyond literacy. The only woman’s careers that
demanded more were
and
.
3. French socialism differed from socialism in other countries because it looked not to
ideology but to the
experience for its inspiration and
direction.
4. Rapid urbanization mean that while in 1800 there were
European cities
over 100,000 in population, by 1900 there were
. During the same time period England’s
urban population went from
to
percent.
5. In England
and
housing, after concluding that
working classes.
were the first cities to have town councils, build public
was all that was needed for the
6. Even though vulcanized rubber made possible the manufacture of
and
by 1850, they were not widely used for birth control until much later. Some historians believe that
women at times limited the number of children by
.
7. Liberals hoped that mass education would provide average citizens with
training based on positive
values.
8. The independent Parisian republic called the
were
and 10,000 shipped to a
9. The
and
was ended when 20,000 people
.
officers of the German army believed it their duty to defend
; and their general staff answered only to
and
.
10. The paranoid Russian Emperor Alexander III greatly expanded the powers of his
and placed entire districts under
.
Place the Following in Chronological Order and Give Dates
1. Bismarck’s antisocialist law
1.
2. Bernstein’s Evolutionary Socialism published
2.
3. Nicholas II becomes tsar
3.
4. The new Spanish constitution
4.
5. The Paris Commune
5.
6. Aletta Jacob opens her clinic in Amsterdam
6.
7. British Housing Act passed
7.
Questions for Critical Thought
1. How did the new industrial economy after 1871 differ from the previous industrial economy?
What caused the changes? What effects did these changes have on European society?
2. Discuss the development of socialism after 1870. Explain the degree to which it maintained its
revolutionary radicalism and in what regions this radicalism had the most and least appeal?
3. Using the example of specific groups and events, evaluate the degree to which socialism was
“tamed” in the latter half of the nineteenth century.
4. Reflect on the changes represented by new urban industrial society. In what significant ways had
urban life changed and what were the social and economic causes of these changes?
5. What were the various roles of women in the new social structure? To what degree had the lives of
women improved as a result?
6. Why and how did urban industrialism lead to more emphasis on education and leisure?
7. Compare and contrast the structure and reform of the democracies of Britain and France after
1870. How did each nation’s history contribute to these developments?
8. Discuss the success of the “accidental” government that was the Third Republic. What political,
economic, and social factors account for its creation and longevity when it was neither welcomed
nor expected to last?
9. Discuss the form taken by the newly unified German State. How did Bismarck shape the state he
created, and how did the ascension of William II reveal the shortcomings of Bismarck’s creation?
10. Compare and contrast the attitudes and policies of the Romanovs at the end of the nineteenth
century with those of the Bourbons at the end of the eighteenth.