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Midterm Review- Study Guide
Sound Waves - waves of energy caused by vibrations in the air
Seismic Waves -waves of energy caused by the sudden breaking of rock within
the earth or an explosion
Light Waves - billions of tiny particles called photons. These photons travel from
one place to another in waves.
Water Waves -waves of energy caused by vibrations on water
What does a sound wave carry? energy
Why does sound travel faster in water than in air? Water is a denser medium
than air
Why is there no sound in outer space? there is no medium in which it can
travel
What type of movement produces waves? Vibrartion
What do seismic waves carry? energy
What is light made up of? photons
How does sound travel through the air to your ear? As waves
What happens after an earthquake begins? seismic waves spread out in all
directions
What are waves that can travel through the Earth's inner layers? Body of
waves
What is the peak of a wave? crest
What is the focus of a seismic wave? Where an earthquake begins
The first evidence of life can be traced back to what year?
What does the uniformitarianism theory states? seismic waves spread out in
all directions
What cause the soft parts of an organism to decay very quickly? Preserve
only traces of the hard parts of an organism
Where can you find preserved remains of a small insect? amber
What are the earliest fossils ? one-celled organism
What does the rings in a tree cross section indicates? How much the tree
grown in various years
Dinosaur footprint is an example of……………………. Trace fossil
What are fossils ? TRACES OF REMAINS OF LIVING THINGS
What does rock fossils form in? sedimentary rock
How do scientist know what dinosaurs looked like? Examine the fossils for
clues
Where might a mammoth that has complete bones, muscle, skin, and hair be
preserved in? ice
When did humans first appear? Age of mammals
What are two types of rock fossils? Cast fossils and mold fossils
What is a tectonic plate? Crust and uppermost mantle
Why did many scientists reject continental drift when it was first proposed?
What crust is neither created nor destroyed? Transform boundary
What causes plate movement?
What did Alfred Wegener use to support his theory of continental drift (It's a 2
part answer) similar rocks and similar fossils in different
What are Earth's layers from the center to the surface? Inner core, outer
core, asthenosphere, lithosphere
A tectonic plate is a slab of Earth's a slab of crust and upper mantle that
moves over Earth's surface _____________________________
Movement of Earth's plates is similar to Sponges on boiling water
New crust forms along a(n) Divergent Boundary
What are the sudden movements of rock along a fault cause? earthquakes
Where does most earthquakes occur? Along tectonic plate boundaries
What is the first seismic waves to reach a nearby city? Primary waves
What is the instrument that scientist use to record seismic waves?
seismograph
What is an earthquake in the ocean floor causes a water wave to form?
tsuanami
What scale is used to describe the amount of energy released by? Moment
magnitude scale