Study Guide for Chapter 12 Test on Genetics
YOU DO NOT HAVE TO PRINT THIS DOCUMENT. YOU CAN SIMPLY WRITE THE
WHOLE QUESTION AND WHOLE ANSWER YOU THINK IS CORRECT.
 1. Where are the alleles for each parent written when using a Punnett square?
1.
across the top and along the side of the grid
2.
in the top two squares of the grid
3.
in the bottom two squares of the grid
4.
only at the bottom of the grid
 2. If a black circle represents a mother with the homozygous recessive genotype, what is the
father's genotype?
1.
The parents both have the same genetic structure.
2.
The parents are both heterozygous for the expressed genes.
3.
The father is heterozygous for the trait.
4.
The offspring are all different from the parents.
 3. What substances combine to form a nucleotide?
1.
uracil and a sugar
2.
a nitrogen base, a phosphate group, and a sugar
3.
a nitrogen base and two phosphates
4.
guanine and a nitrogen base
 4. What is the process Mendel used to pollinate flowers of white plants with pollen from
purple plants?
1.
polygenic inheritance
2.
genetics
3.
cross-pollination
4.
mitosis
 5. Which of these is a trait that is determined by a combination of multiple genes?
1.
incomplete dominance
2.
recessive alleles
3.
polygenic inheritance
4.
DNA
 6. What does the TT represent in this Punnett square?
1.
a genotype consisting of two dominant alleles
2.
a heterozygous trait
3.
a single allele
4.
a genotype consisting of two recessive alleles
 7. The structure of DNA is described as a ___ formed by two strands of nucleotides.
1.
double helix
2.
single spiral
3.
polymerase chain
4.
protein molecule
 8. What is the role of junk DNA on human chromosomes?
1.
to regulate body temperature
2.
to pass traits to offspring
3.
It may not have an important function.
4.
to determine dietary habits
 9. Which of these describes how an organism looks?
1.
its probability
2.
its phenotype
3.
its hybrid
4.
its zygosity
 10. Which of these is not one of the nitrogenous bases in DNA nucleotides?
1.
adenine
2.
uracil
3.
guanine
4.
thymine
 11. Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins are credited with what research?
1.
genetic inheritance
2.
RNA
3.
X-rays of the DNA molecule
4.
5.
nucleotides
 12. Which is a tool that is used to predict genetic crosses?
1.
a slide rule
2.
a tally sheet
3.
a Venn diagram
4.
a Punnett square
 13. In this cross of two plants what will be the genotype of the offspring?
1.
One half of the offspring will have the same genotype as the parents.
2.
The offspring will all have the same genotype as the parents.
3.
None of the offspring will have the same genotype as the parents.
4.
Three fourths of the offspring will have the same genotype as the parents.
 14. __________ studies how traits are inherited though the interactions of alleles.
1.
Genetics
2.
Mitosis
3.
Probability
4.
Regeneration
 15. Which is an example of environment affecting the phenotype of an organism?
1.
Tall pea plants come from tall plant parents.
2.
Pink flowers grown from parents with white flowers and pink flowers.
3.
An animal has an albino offspring.
4.
In acid soil hydrangea plants produce blue flowers.
ONE MORE QUESTION TO GO…
LAST QUESTION: Write a paragraph (5 sentences) explanation of how traits are passed down
from generation to generation. Explain how dominant and recessive alleles interact to
determine the expression of traits. Use at least one real-life example in your explanation.
Use the lines provided (if you print this document) OR if you are doing your work on a separate
sheet of paper, write the question and answer on it.
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