Nile River
the longest river in the world
it flows Northward from central
Africa through Egypt
White Nile
one of two main tributaries of the
Nile River
Blue Nile
one of two main tributaries of the
Nile River
Cataracts
areas where fast moving water
flows from higher elevations to
lower elevations
Delta
an area of land that forms in the
mouth (where a river meets the
sea) of a river
Black land
ancient Egyptian name for land
along the Nile River
Red Land
ancient Egyptian name for the
desert
Upper Egypt
the Southern section of Egypt
Lower Egypt
the Northern section of Egypt
Granaries
a storehouse for grain
Agriculture
farming
Shadoof
a tool for raising water from a river
Papyrus
a reed found along the Nile, used
for making paper, sandals,
baskets...
King Menes
united Upper and Lower Egypt at
the beginning of the Old Kingdom
Polytheism
a belief in more than one god
Osiris
god of the earth and dead
Anubis
god of afterlife
Mummification
a process used to preserve a dead
body
Scribe
a writer
Cutter
the person whose job it is to make
the first cut into a dead body as
part of embalming process
Afterlife
ancient Egyptian belief that
worthy Egyptians would live again
after death
Ankh
hieroglyph that is a symbol for life
Natron
salt chemical used in embalming
process to dry out body
Organ Removal
internal organs were removed as
part of embalming process
Canopic Jars
the jars in which internal organs
were kept as part of embalming
process
Pharaohs
rulers of ancient Egypt
Dynasty
a series of rulers that are related
by bloodline (relatives)
Pyramids
built during Old Kingdom as tombs
for pharaohs
Book of the Dead
a book believed by ancient
Egyptians to contain spells needed
for afterlife
Sarcophagus
a decorated box to hold a mummy
Embalming
the process of preserving a dead
body
Middle Kingdom
one of three periods of ancient
Egypt
Hyksos
a group of people that invaded
and conquered Egypt during the
Middle Kingdom
Ahmose
Egyptian soldier that led revolt
against Hyksos rule and drive them
out of Egypt. He became pharaoh
trading expeditions
journeys by caravan or boat to
foreign lands for the purpose of
trade
King Tut
Pharaoh during New Kingdom
most famous for his tomb which
was discovered in early 1900's
Egyptian Decline - Why? When?
Decline due to inability to
financially maintain its control
over foreign lands - occurred at
end of New Kingdom
Foreign people that conquered
Egypt to end New Kingdom
Assyrians
Ancient Egyptian achievements
calendar, number system based on
10, medicine, specialized medicine
Hatshepsut
female pharaoh who pretended to
be male
Temples
places of worship
Hieroglyphics
ancient Egyptian form of writing
using pictures and symbols