Water Test Study Guide
Vocabulary Matching
a. watershed
1. underground formation containing groundwater D
2. area of land drained by a river A
3. water suitable for drinking C
4. flowing network of surface water AB
5. water stored under Earth’s surface B
b. groundwater
c. potable
d. aquifer
ab. river system
6. accumulation of pollutants at successive C
levels of the food chain
7. introduction of chemical, physical, or biological AB
agents into water
8. accelerated build-up of nutrients caused D
by humans
9. water that contains waste from industry or B
homes
10. results in an increase of water temperature A
a. thermal pollution
b. wastewater
c. biomagnification
d. artificial eutrophication
ab. water pollution
Multiple Choice
11. Three percent of the world’s water resources are found as
FRESH WATER
12. Most of the pollutants in the ocean come from
ACTIVITES ON LAND
13. The 1990 Oil Pollution Act requires that all oil tankers that travel in US waters must be
DOUBLE HULLED
14. What activities accounts for the greatest percentage of fresh water used worldwide?
AGRICULTURAL
15. Industrial water use includes which of the following activities?
GENERATING ELECTRIC POWER, MANUFACTURE GOODS, DISPOSE OF WASTE
16.Sewage sludge
A PRODUCT FROM WASTE WATER TREATMENT
17. Which of the following is one way a person can conserve water?
INSTALL LOW FLOW SHOWER HEAD
18. Point-source pollution is POLLUTION THAT COMES FROM A SPECIFIC SOURCE
Water Test Study Guide
19.What is an example of nonpoint source pollution?
WATER RUNOFF
20. When neighborhood residents noticed a large number of dead fish in a local creek, they
traced the problem to a nearby gas station. It turned out that a gasoline tank had
developed a leak. This is an example of
POINT SOURCE POLLUTION
21. There are two types of water found on Earth; they are:
FRESH WATER AND SALT WATER
22. The fresh water we use comes mainly from _________________________________________
and from a relatively narrow zone beneath the Earth’s surface.
LAKES AND RIVERS
23. The _________________________________________ system is the largest river system in the
United States.
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
24. The two underlying causes of water pollution are
RAPID HUMAN POPULATION GROWTH AND INDUSTRIALIZATION
25. ______________________________________________ is pollution that comes from many
sources rather than from a single specific site.
NON-POINT SOURCE
26. If the toxicity of sludge can be reduced to safe levels, it can be used as a
FERTILIZER
27. Pollutants usually enter groundwater when polluted surface water
____________________________ down from the Earth’s surface.
PERCOLATES
28. _____________________________________ was to designed to “restore and maintain the
chemical, physical, and biological integrity of the nation’s waters.”
THE CLEAN WATER ACT 1972
29. __________________ pollution is one of the world’s most pressing environmental problems in
the world.
GROUNDWATER
30. _____________________________ is a temperature increase in a body of water.
THERMAL POLLUTION
Water Test Study Guide
31. __________________________ is a process that increases the amount of nutrients in a
body of water through human activities, such as waste disposal and land drainage.
ARTIFICIAL EUTROPHICATION
32.Most nutrients in water come from ______________________________, such as leaves and
animal waste that is broken down into mineral nutrients by decomposers such as
bacteria and fungi.
ORGANIC MATTER
33. Most of the water loss in agriculture comes from __________________________.
IRRIGATION
34. ____________________ is an example of a reservoir in Georgia.
LAKE LANIER
35. Most water must first be made potable. The word potable means what?
DRINKABLE
36. The three major uses for water are _________________________________________________
AGRICULTURE, INDUSTRIAL, RESIDENTIAL
37. According to the World Health Organization, more than ____________________________
people lack access to a clean, reliable source of fresh water.
1 BILLION
38. The average person in the United States uses about ________________________ of water
a day.
300 L
39. A _________________________ is a structure that is built across a river to control a river’s flow.
DAM
40. Hydroelectric dams use the power of flowing water to turn a _______________________ that
generates electrical energy
TURBINE
Water Test Study Guide
TRUE or FALSE
______41. When organic matter builds up in a body of water, it will begin to decay and
decompose. TRUE
______42. Water-saving technology, such as low-flow toilets, can also help increase
household water use. FALSE
______43. Desalination is the process of removing salt from ocean water. TRUE
______44. Cooking and drinking is the majority of daily residential water use in the United
States. FALSE
______45. A pathogen is a virus, microorganism, or other substance that causes disease.
TRUE
SHORT ANSWERS
46. List 5 ways a person can conserve water.
47. Describe the difference between point-source pollution and nonpoint-source
pollution. POINT SOURCE POLLUTION COMES FROM A SPECIFIC SITE WHERE AS NON POINT
SOURCE COMES FROM MANY SOURCES
48. List an example of point source pollution and an example of nonpoint source
pollution. POINT SOURCE – LEAKING SEPTIC TANK, NON POINT SOURCE – WATER RUNOFF
49. Why is polluted ground water difficult to clean? IT IS DIFFICULT TO CLEAN BECAUSE OF
THE VARIOUS TYPES OF POLLUTANTS IN THE WATER. THE MIXTURE OF THE POLLUTANTS MAKE
IT DIFFICULT TO SEPARATE AND REMOVE.
50. Why is freshwater a limited resource? FRESHWATER IS A LIMITED RESOURCE BECAUSE
77% OF IT IS LOCATED IN ICE CAPS AND GLACIERS.