Kim et al.
ULR vs RR for intermittent exotropia of 20-25 PD
Table 1. Surgical table for intermittent exotropia
PD
Unilateral LR recession (mm)
LR recession/MR resection (mm)
20
9.0
5.0/4.0
21-24
9.5
5.5/4.5
25
10.0
6.0/5.0
PD = prism diopters, LR = lateral rectus, MR = medial rectus
Kim et al.
ULR vs RR for intermittent exotropia of 20-25 PD
Table 2. Preoperative characteristics of ULR and RR group
ULR Group
(n = 82)
5.93 ± 2.35
42/40
RR Group
(n = 98)
6.76 ± 2.31
47/51
Age at surgery
Sex (male/female)
Preoperative mean exodeviation (PD)
at distance
22.07 ± 2.48
22.76 ± 2.49
at near
22.01 ± 3.41
22.87 ± 4.12
Follow-up (months)
53.8 ± 26.4
52.5 ± 27.4
Fusion on worth-4-dots (n)
at far
29 (35.4%)
38 (38.8%)
at near
46 (56.1%)
51 (52.1%)
Good stereopsis (≤ 100 seconds)
58/72 (80.6%)
65/83 (78.3%)
Lateral gaze incomitance (n)
2 (2.4%)
5 (5.1%)
Amblyopia (n)
10 (12.2%)
15 (15.3%)
Anisometropia (n)
4 (4.9%)
7 (7.1%)
Follow-up (months)
53.8 ± 26.4
52.5 ± 27.4
ULR = unilateral lateral rectus recession, RR = unilateral recess-resect
PD = prism diopters, n = number
a
Mann-Whitney U-test,b Pearson chi-square test
P value
0.105a
0.863b
0.069a
0.102a
0.482 a
0.637b
0.587b
0.527b
0.357b
0.548b
0.528b
0.482a
Kim et al.
ULR vs RR for intermittent exotropia of 20-25 PD
Table 3. Angle of deviation at distance preoperatively and during postoperative follow -up
ULR Group
RR Group
P valuea
(n = 82)
(n = 98)
Preoperative deviation (PD)
22.07 ± 2.48
22.76 ± 2.49
0.069
Postoperative deviation (PD)
1 day
-0.49 ± 2.69
-1.98 ± 4.11
0.021
1 week
1.51 ± 2.34
0.31 ± 2.56
0.042
1 month
3.41 ± 3.98
1.63 ± 2.68
0.035
3 months
4.41 ± 4.44
2.57 ± 3.52
0.047
6 months
5.79 ± 5.17
4.52 ± 4.79
0.712
1 year
6.21 ± 5.26
4.58 ± 5.98
0.174
2 years
6.90 ± 5.79
5.85 ± 6.79
0.334
Final follow-up
7.98 ± 7.21
8.12 ± 8.64
0.872
ULR = unilateral lateral rectus recession, RR = unilateral recess-resect, PD = prism diopters
a
Mann-Whitney U-test
Kim et al.
ULR vs RR for intermittent exotropia of 20-25 PD
Table 4. The amount of exodrift in ULR and RR groups
ULR Group
RR Group
(n = 82)
(n = 98)
1 day to 1 months
3.90 ± 3.81
3.61 ± 4.27
1 months to 3 months
1.00 ± 2.93
0.98 ± 2.01
3 months to 6 months
1.37 ± 3.36
1.95 ± 3.06
6 months to 1 year
0.41 ± 1.34
0.90 ± 3.20
1 year to 2 years
0.68 ± 1.56
1.03 ± 3.36
2 years to last f/u
1.08 ± 2.40
1.66 ± 5.44
ULR = unilateral lateral rectus recession, RR = unilateral recess-resect
a
T-test
P valuea
0.635
0.869
0.235
0.167
0.364
0.346
Kim et al.
ULR vs RR for intermittent exotropia of 20-25 PD
Table 5. Surgical success rates in ULR and RR groups
ULR Group
RR Group
(n = 82)
(n = 98)
1 month
74 (90.2%)
97 (99.0%)
3 months
69 (84.1%)
94 (95.9%)
6 months
59 (72.0%)
79 (80.6%)
1 year
55 (67.1%)
65 (66.3%)
2 years
52 (63.4%)
59 (60.2%)
Final follow-up
50 (60.9%)
55 (56.1%)
Surgical success = alignment within 10 PD
ULR = unilateral lateral rectus recession, RR = unilateral recess-resect
a
Pearson chi-square test
P valuea
0.007
0.007
0.171
0.916
0.659
0.511
Kim et al.
ULR vs RR for intermittent exotropia of 20-25 PD
Table 6. Surgical results at final follow-up postoperatively in ULR and RR groups
ULR Group
RR Group
P valuea
(n = 82)
(n = 98)
Surgical success
50 (60.9%)
55 (56.1%)
0.511
Undercorrection
32 (39.1%)
43 (43.9%)
0.511
Overcorrection
0
0
Reoperation
9 (10.9%)
8 (8.2%)
0.521
ULR = unilateral lateral rectus recession, RR = unilateral recess-resect
a
Pearson chi-square test