Name:
_________________________
Date: ____________
Period: _______
Chapter 1.2 Reading Quiz
1. What was the Neolithic Revolution?
(where, when, impact?)
 Transition between hunting and gathering
to farming, that occurred about 10,000
years ago beginning in the Fertile Crescent,
and Africa, China, India, and the Americas.
The impact was that it led to settled
societies and civilizations in those
areas…but it is also important to note, that
some peoples did not transition to
agriculture. (ex: Bedouins, Mongols, etc)
2. Write the name of the rivers that river
valleys developed along in these areas:
Africa
Nile River
China
3.
Huang He River & Yangtze
Who was the “Iceman”?
A mummified body of a prehistoric man, found
in 1991 near the border of Austria and Italy. He
was found along with a tool kit with arrows, a
longbow, a sharpener, a flint dagger, a woven
sheath, and a copper ax. Lived about 5,000
years ago
Chapter 1.2 Humans Try to Control Nature
I. Achievements in Technology and Art
 Humans became more advanced artistically
and technologically
A. A New Tool Kit
 Nomads- wander from place to place in
search of food
 Hunter-gatherers/ (Hunter-foragers): food
supply depended on hunting animals and
collecting plants…usually divided by gendermen= hunters, women= foragers
 Digging sticks, spears, knives, fish hooks,
harpoons
 Cro-Magnons used bone needles to sew
clothing made of animal hides
B. Paleolithic Art
 Jewelry made from shells, animal teeth, and
mammoth tusks
 Paleolithic Cave Art- colored paints from
charcoal, mud, and animal blood
o Ex: Lascaux Cave in France
II. The Neolithic Revolution
 Hunter-gatherers generally lived in bands of
no more than 2-3 dozen people…men
hunted, women gathered
 People then started scattering seeds, and
made the connection that it led to plants
(women?)
 Neolithic Revolution/ Agricultural
Revolution: transition between hunting and
gathering and farming
A. Causes of the Agricultural Revolution
 Perhaps ushered in by a change in climate,
rising temperatures worldwide= longer
growing seasons
 With food surplus= population increase
 Unlike hunting- farming provided a steadier
source of food (though actually more time
consuming- 60 hours of farming vs. 20
hours hunting-gathering)
B. Early Farming Methods
 Slash-and-burn farming: cut trees/ burn
them to clear a field…ashes fertilized the
soil
 Ex: Mount Saint Helens
C. Domestication of Animals
 Domestication/ taming of animals
o Horses, dogs, goats, pigs
o Use of corralling and stampede
 Pastoral nomads also domesticated
animals, but not plants, and moved in
search of “pastures” for their animals
D. Revolution in Jarmo
 Early location of agriculture- Jarmo in the
Zagros Mountains in northeastern Iraq
 Wild wheat and barley, wild goats, pigs,
sheep, and horses
 Believed Jarmo was established about 9,000
years ago
III. Villages Grow and Prosper
 Transition to farming happened at different
times throughout the world, (and some
peoples never transitioned)
A. Farming Develops in Many Places
 Africa: Nile River Valley- wheat, barley, and
other crops
 China: about 8,000 years ago, along Huang
He river valley- millet then wild rice
 Mexico and Central America-Farmers
cultivated corn, beans, and squash
 Peru: farmers in the Central Andes were
first to grow tomatoes, sweet potatoes, and
white potatoes
B. Catal Huyuk
 Located in fertile plain of south-central
Turkey
 Farmers produced wheat, barley, peas and
raised sheep and cattle
 Potters and weavers…obsidian products
 8,000 years ago Catal Huyuk was home to
6,000 people
 Early villages expanded into cities that
would become the setting for more
complex cultures.
Cave Art:
1.
What was the purpose?
2.
What do you think is going on with the
image of the “man”?