Chapter 21: A Dividing Nation
Which events of the mid-1800s kept the nation together and which events pulled it apart?
Warmup:
1858 Lincoln warned, “A House divided against itself cannot stand.”
Hint. Think of Night at the Museum scene with Abraham Lincoln…. 
1. What do you think “House” in Lincoln’s statement represents?
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2. What might be dividing this house?
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3. What do you think Lincoln meant by his statement: “A House divided against itself cannot
stand.” What do you think would happen is the United States became divided?
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Name_______________________
Causes of the Civil War (402-405)
21.2 Confronting the Issue of Slavery
Causes of the Civil War: The United States was expanding and acquiring more land.
The _________________ believed slavery was wicked and should be abolished.
The __________________ saw slavery as important to the growth of their economy.
Problem: Should the new states be free or slave states?
Solution: Northwest Ordinance of 1787__________________________________________________________________________________________
Free States- Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York,
Rhode Island, Vermont, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois
Slave States- Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Kentucky,
Tennessee, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama
Problem: Should __________________be entered into the Union as a Free or Slave state?
Solution: Tallmadge Amendment__________________________________________________________________________________________
Deadlocked Congress
What were concerns the south had against the Tallmadge Amendment?
1. ___________________________________________________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________________________________________________________
Why was the Tallmadge Amendment able to be defeated?
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Problem: Both houses were at a deadlock over the issue of slavery in Missouri.
Solution: Missouri Compromise__________________- became a free state
______________________- became a slave state
______/_____ North of this line slavery was banned
21.4 The Missouri Compromise Unravels
“I have favored this Missouri Compromise, believing it to be all that could be accomplished under
the present Constitution, and from extreme unwillingness to put the Union at risk…If the Union must be
dissolved, slavery is precisely the question on which it ought to break. For the present, however, the
contest is laid asleep.” –John Adams
Does John Adams believe that the Missouri Compromise has permanently eliminated the tension
between the North and South? Why or Why not…EXPLAIN.
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The “Gag Rule”
What was John Quincy Adams’ 1839 proposal?
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How did the “Gag Rule” affect his proposal?
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Slavery in Territories
Wilmot Proviso
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21.5 Compromise of 1850
List four details of Henry Clay’s plan to end the deadlock over the issue of California statehood
1. _________________________________________________________________________________________
2. _________________________________________________________________________________________
3. _________________________________________________________________________________________
4. __________________________________________________________________________________________
(Pg. 408) Did the Compromise of 1850 succeed?
Yes
No
KEY
Chapter 21: A Dividing Nation
Causes of the Civil War: The United States was expanding and acquiring more land.
The NORTH believed slavery was wicked and should be abolished.
TheSOUTH saw slavery as important to the growth of their economy.
Problem: Should the new states be free or slave states?
Solution: Northwest Ordinance of 1787
SLAVERY WOULD BE BANNED IN STATES FORMED NORTH OF THE OHIO RIVER
Free States- Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York,
Rhode Island, Vermont, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois
Slave States- Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Kentucky,
Tennessee, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama
Problem: Should MISSOURI be entered into the Union as a Free or Slave state?
Solution: Tallmadge Amendment
MISSOURI WOULD BE ADMITTED INTO THE UNION AS A FREE STATE
What were the South’s arguments against the Tallmadge Amendment?
1. IF MISSOURI WAS A FREE STATE, WHAT WOULD PREVENT THE REST OF THE STATES FROM BEING FREE
2. “STATES’ RIGHTS” LAWS SHOULD BE DETERMINED BY POPULAR SOVEREGNTY, OR THE PEOPLE NOT
THE GOVERNMENT
3. SLAVE AND FREE STATES SHOULD BE EQUAL SO THE SOUTH HAD A VOICE IN THE SENATE
Why was the Tallmadge Amendment able to be defeated?
THERE WAS AN EQUAL AMOUNT OF REPRESENTATION IN THE SENATE
Problem: Both houses were at a deadlock over the issue of slavery in Missouri.
Solution: Missouri CompromiseMAINE- became a free state
MISSOURI_- became a slave state
36/30 - North of this line slavery was banned
21.4 The Missouri Compromise Unravels
“I have favored this Missouri Compromise, believing it to be all that could be accomplished under
the present Constitution, and from extreme unwillingness to put the Union at risk…If the Union must be
dissolved, slavery is precisely the question on which it ought to break. For the present, however, the
contest is laid asleep.” –John Adams
Does John Adams believe that the Missouri Compromise has permanently eliminated the tension
between the North and South? Why or Why not…EXPLAIN.
No, Adams believes that the Missouri Compromise will be a temporary fix, but will not last forever.
The “Gag Rule”
What was John Quincy Adams’ 1839 proposal?
No one could be born into slavery after 1845
How did the “Gag Rule” affect his proposal?
The Gag rule set aside any discussion about slavery.
Slavery in Territories
Wilmot Proviso
A proposal made in 1846 to prohibit slavery in the territory added to the United States as a result of
the Mexican-American War
21.5 Compromise of 1850
List four details of Henry Clay’s plan to end the deadlock over the issue of California statehood
1. Admit California into the Union as a free state
North – happy about a free state / South--- NM and UT could decide to allow slavery
2. Allow UT and NM decide if they want to allow slavery
3. End Slave trade in Washington DC
4. Strong Fugitive Slave Laws
(Pg. 408) Did the Compromise of 1850 succeed?
Yes
No