Study Guide For Tectonics Test On Continental Drift, Plate Tectonics, Earthquakes
2014-15
• James Hutton- Uniformitarianism, Present is the key to the past
• Alfred Wegener- Continental Drift, Pangaea
° Similar fossils- "lystrosaurus"
° Folded mountains- Appalachians, Atlas
° Fit of continents- South America and Africa
° Climates- glacial deposits, salt deposits, coal beds
• Glomar Challenger 1960's, maps the Atlantic Ocean floor
• Sea-Floor Spreading
• Plate Tectonics
lithosphere, asthenosphere
ocean vs continental plates- rock types and densities
° 3 Convergent Boundaries
continent vs. ocean- subduction zone, trench, quakes, volcanic arc- Andes
ocean vs. ocean- subduction zone, trench, quakes, island arc- Japan
continent vs. continent- quakes, folded mountains- Himalaya Mountains
° Divergent Boundaries
volcanoes, quakes, ridges, rifts- Mid-Ocean Ridge and Rift Valley in Eastern Africa
° Transform Faults- San Andreas Fault
earthquakes
• earthquakes
where do they occur
what causes them
contrast fracture vs fault
contrast intensity vs magnitude
contrast focus vs epicenter
contrast P- wave vs S- wave
seismograph and Richter scale
locating epicenters using triangulation
after shocks, firestorms, tsunami, liquefaction, preparing for earthquakes
predicting quakes
east coast vs west coast earthquake risk
Wegener cited several pieces of evidence in his theory of continental drift, name them and describe how his
theory explains their occurrence.
What are the ages of the oldest known rocks on the Atlantic Ocean floor? How does this support the theory of
sea-floor spreading ?
What is sea-floor spreading ?
How does the data from the Glomar Challenger explain the missing process of the Continental Drift Theory ?
What happens when a rock passes its elastic limit?
You need to be able to determine the distance from epicenter to seismograph given the Travel Time graph.
You need to be able to locate an earthquake given the difference of arrival times of P- and S- waves for a
minimum of 3 seismographs.