Ecology Review
Part A: Multiple Choice: Circle the best answer.
1.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
2.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
3.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
4.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
5.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Carbon in the atmosphere is mostly in the form
of:
Methane
Carbon dioxide
Carbon monoxide
Water
Ammonia
6.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
A similarity between combustion and
respiration:
They both produce heat
They both produce carbon dioxide
They both produce greenhouse gases
They both consume oxygen
All of the above.
Carbon is cycled from the atmosphere to plant
matter mostly through:
Burning
Cellular Respiration
Transpiration
Photosynthesis
Decomposition
7.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Greenhouse gases:
Carbon dioxide, water, methane
Water, methane, ammonia
Methane, carbon dioxide, ammonia
Methane, oxygen, carbon dioxide
8.
Carbon is cycled from dead organisms back
into the atmosphere mostly through:
Combustion
Cellular Respiration
Transpiration
Photosynthesis
Decomposition
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
These organisms turn dead organic matter into
basic abiotic nutrients:
Scavengers
Predators
Decomposers
Parasites
Omnivores
Carbon is cycled from live organisms back into
the atmosphere mostly through:
Combustion
Cellular Respiration
Transpiration
Photosynthesis
Decomposition
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
A relationship between species living in the
same area is called:
Symbiosis
Mutualism
Diversity
Photosynthesis
Tragedy of the commons
10.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The term “autotroph” literally means:
“self-feeder”
“automatic level”
“car washer”
“level mover”
“plant eater”
11.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Another word for “heterotroph”:
Consumer
Producer
Decomposer
Parasite
Herbivore
The main difference between combustion and
cellular respiration is:
Combustion occurs at a faster rate than cellular
respiration
Combustion produces heat and cellular
respiration does not
Combustion produces greenhouse gases and
cellular respiration does not
Combustion pollutes the air
None of the above.
9.
12.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
This material is rich in nitrogen:
Methane
Carbon dioxide
Water
The lithosphere
Manure
13.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The chemical symbol for ammonia is:
CH4
CO2
H2O
NH4
C6H12O6
14. This process requires carbon dioxide and water
and produces oxygen
a) Photosynthesis
b) Cellular respiration
c) Combustion
d) Farting
e) Peeing
15.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
At the bottom of a food chain, web or pyramid:
Producers
Primary consumers
Secondary Consumers
Top predators
Parasites
16.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Three examples of biomes:
Scavengers, predators, decomposers
Grasslands, aquatic, desert
Pond, river, lake
Lithosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere
None of the above
17.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Another word for non-native:
Invasive
Exotic
Indigenous
Parasitic
Autotrophic
18.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Not a decomposer:
worm
vulture
bacteria
fungus
millipede
19. A _________________ consumes primarily animals
that are recently killed by another species:
a) decomposer
b) scavenger
c) parasite
d) herbivore
e) consumer
20. Cows add to the greenhouse effect most
strongly by:
a) Producing manure
b) Eating grass
c) Farting
d) Breathing oxygen
e) Respiration
21. Certain birds clean the ears of water buffalo by
eating fleas that nest in the ear. This is an
example of:
a) Predation
b) Commensalism
c) Mutualism
d) Competition
e) Bilingualism
22.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Put in order from smallest grouping to largest:
Ecosystem, biome, community, population
Biome, ecosystem, community, population
Community, population, ecosystem, biome
Population, community, ecosystem, biome
Community, ecosystem, population, biome
23. This organism belongs to more than one
trophic level:
a) Dandelion
b) Rabbit
c) Cow
d) Human
e) None of the above
24. A robin eats insects and worms and builds
nests in trees using bits of fallen branches and
loose grass. It can be preyed on by cats. This
describes the robin’s :
a) Niche
b) Habitat
c) Community
d) Population
e) Gender
25. In a dense jungle, taller trees get the most
sunlight. This is an example of:
a) Mutualism
b) Commensalism
c) Predation
d) Parasitism
e) Competition
28.
a)
f)
g)
h)
i)
Which of the following is FALSE?
All invading species are introduced
All introduced species are invasive
All introduced species are native
All native species are exotic
None of the above.
26. Examples of abiotic limiting factors:
a) Food availability, water availability, climate
b) sunlight availability, water availability,
temperature
c) number of predators, oxygen level, climate
d) living space, food availability, availability of
mates
e) none of the above
29. A pond can support a dozen or so turtles before
it begins to get too crowded. Any more than
this and the food supply will start to become
scarce. This is an example of:
a) Carrying capacity
b) The greenhouse effect
c) An engineered ecosystem
d) The tragedy of the commons
e) Biodiversity
27. Which of the following is TRUE? Introduced
species are:
a) all brought on purpose from another land
b) all invasive in their new land
c) all non-native
d) never able to adapt to the new environment
e) always top of the food chain.
30. In a food web:
a) Producers are at the bottom
b) Arrows indicate the direction of feeding (i.e.
from food to consumer)
c) Some organisms have multiple arrows
d) Sldkj
e) Lskdjf
Long Answer Questions:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Explain the difference between a law, a theory and a hypothesis.
What is the origin of all energy on Earth?
What is a biome?
Explain the greenhouse effect.
Explain why decomposers are so important in the carbon and nitrogen cycle.
What is the primary difference between a community and an ecosystem?
Draw the carbon cycle.
Name 3 carbon sinks.
Explain why North Americans demand for beef is a direct cause of global warming.
Give an example of a limiting factor that becomes more of a factor with increasing
population density.
11. Give an example of a limiting factor that becomes more important as population
decreases.
12. Give an example of a limiting factor that is not affected by population density.
13. If the rabbit population in a certain area were suddenly rid of predators (wolves, fox,
coyote, hawks etc.) what would happen in the short and long term?
14. Write the equation for photosynthesis as a :
a) Word equation
b) Chemical equation
c) Balanced chemical equation.
15. Repeat the previous question for cellular respiration.
16. Explain the greenhouse effect and global warming.
17. Why are the carbon cycle and nitrogen cycle important for the survival of our planet?
18. Explain the tragedy of the commons as it applies to a specific environment or ecosystem.
19. Explain why biodiversity is important for an ecosystem to be healthy.
20. Explain how bioengineered ecosystems can upset the local ecosystem.