Name_______________
Formation of Ions
Date___________B____
Two non-metal atoms can become more __________ by ___________ valence electrons through
_______________ bonds which allow both atoms to have an ____________.
Instead of sharing
electrons, atoms can also lose or gain electrons to _________ or _________ their valence shells.
Non-metals ________ e- to complete their valence shell and therefore have a high ________________
(which is a measure of how strongly an atom can ________ e- towards itself). Metals have electrons
in their valence shell that can be removed to leave a full ________ of e- underneath. Metals have a
low ________________ energy (which is a measure of how much energy is needed to ________ an
e- from an atom). Therefore, Metals tend to _______ e-. If e- are lost, then the atom has more protons
than electrons and becomes _____ charged.
charged.
Non-metals tend to _______ e- and become ____
When atoms lose or gain e- to become more __________ and achieve a full _________
they are called _______.
Most metals become positively charged ions called ___________. Most
non-metals become negatively charged ions called _________. Ions are written using the element
symbol with the __________ # followed by + or – in the ____________ ____________ hand corner.
Element
Ex. Beryllium
1. Fluorine
2. Nitrogen
3. Calcium
4. Aluminum
5. Oxygen
6. Argon
7. Sodium
# of
valence
e-
e- dot
structure
Metal
or
Non-metal
Low Ionization
Energy OR High
Electronegativity
Loses or
Gains _#_
e-
Positive
or
negative
ion?
cation
or
anion?
Write
the Ion
charge
top right
Name_______________
Formation of Ions
Date___________B____
Complete each statement by filling in the blank and/or circling the answer.
1. The reactivity of elements is based on the number of [
core
OR
valence
] electrons.
2. The [ Transition Metals OR Noble Gases ] with ___ valence e- have the most stable configuration
3. Metals tend to [ lose OR gain ] and non-metals tend to [ lose OR gain ] .
4. Metals tend to [ lose OR gain ] e- in order to [ fill up OR empty ] their valence shell
5. If an atom loses e-, then it becomes [ + OR - ] charged because it has more protons than e-.
6. If an atom gains e-, then it becomes [ + OR - ] charged because it has less protons than e-.
7. Alkali metals have _____ valence e- and will form ions with [ +1 +2 +3 ] charge.
8. Alkali earth metals have _____ valence e- and will form ions with [ +1 +2 +3 ] charge.
9. Halogens have _____ valence e- and will form ions with [
-3
-2
-1 ] charge.
10. Elements in the Oxygen column have _____ valence e- and will form [ -3 OR -2 ] ions.
11. Elements in the Nitrogen column have _____ valence e- and will form [ -3 OR -2 ] ions.
12. Metals lose e- [ more OR less ] easily than non-metals because they have [ low OR high ]
ionization energy, while non-metals gain e- [ more OR less ] easily than metals because they
have [ low OR high ] electronegativity.
# of
Element
valence
e1. Barium
2. Chlorine
3. Neon
4. Lithium
5. Sulfur
6. Phosphorous
7. Gallium
8. Iodine
e- dot
Metal or
structure
Non-metal
Low Ionization
Energy OR High
Electronegativiy
Loses or
Gains
_#_ e-
cation or
anion?
Write Ion