Physical Science Mid-Term Review
What are properties of matter?
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Matter is anything that has ____________ and takes up ___________
Characteristics used to describe an object are called ______________
What are the four basic properties of matter?
Define the word chemistry:
The amount of matter per unit of volume is called ____________
Since density is calculated as mass/volume, what is the density of a cubic block where each side is 2 cm
and weighs 12g?
What are changes of state?
1. What are the three phases of matter?
2. Describe a solid, liquid, and a gas in terms of particle vibration and thermal energy.
3. Classify the state of matter of the following: rain, seltzer, air, helium, salt, sugar.
What is the change of state diagram?
1. For each of the following words, describe the changes in vibration which cause freezing, melting,
condensation, and evaporation.
2. How is evaporation similar to boiling? How are they different?
3. Why does water disappear off of the street after it stops raining?
4. Draw a phase change diagram and label its relevant points:
What are physical and chemical changes?
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What are physical properties?
What is the difference between a physical change and a chemical change?
Are volume and density chemical properties?
Iron rusting is an example of a ____________ change.
Water freezing is an example of a ___________________ change.
Color, shape and tastes are examples of _____________ properties.
Mixing vinegar and baking soda produces carbon dioxide, what type of change is that?
Are these physical or chemical changes:
a. Match burns _____
e. Stretching rubber band ________
b. Glass breaks_______
f. Crushing a sugar cube _________
c. Iron rusts _________
g. Dissolving sugar _____________
d. Ice melts _________
What are elements?
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Define elements:
Are elements solids, liquids, or gas at room temperature?
Can matter be made up of more than one element?
What elements make up: Water: ____________ Salt: ______________
5. Sulfate is made up of sulfur and oxygen. Can a chemist break down sulfates into simpler substances?
What are chemical symbols?
1. What is the advantage of using chemical symbols?
2. What do the symbols Fe, Au, Ag, Pb, N, O, C, S, Ca represent?
What are atoms?
1. Define atom:
2. In a table, list the three parts of an atom, their location, mass, and charge.
3. Why is it important for scientists to share their discoveries?
What is atomic number and atomic mass?
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What does the atomic number stand for?
Why does every specific type of atom have a different atomic number?
Since an atom is neutral, what does the atomic number tell us?
In the periodic table, how are elements arranged?
If an atom contains 12 protons and 15 neutrons, what is its atomic number?
Using a periodic table, which element has an atomic number of 20?
How can you calculate the number of neutrons in an atom?
Is the mass of a neutron the same as an electron?
If the atomic number of an element is 8 and the mass number is 16, what is the total number of
neutrons? Explain.
10. The atomic number of element X is 30, and its mass number is 65. Identify this element by name, its
number of protons, electrons, and neutrons. Explain (Show work).
What is a compound?
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What are compounds made up of?
Compare the properties of a compound to the properties of its elements:
How do compounds form?
Define compound.
What is a molecule?
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Define molecule:
What is a molecule made up of?
How many atoms are there in a molecule of water, salt, and sugar?
What is a diatomic molecule?
What are mixtures?
1. Define mixture:
2. What are the properties of a mixture like?
3. How are mixtures separated? How does that differ from compound?
4. How could you separate a mixture of salt and water? Iron and sand?
How are compounds and mixtures different?
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Define the properties of a compound versus a mixture?
Do compounds always have the same chemical compositions? Do mixtures?
How do we separate a mixture? By what means?
How do we separate a compound?
When you mix a particular poisonous gas, with a flammable metal, a white crystalline solid is formed
that is neither flammable nor poisonous. Is it a mixture or a compound? Explain:
How is length measured?
1. How do you convert mm to cm? cm into m? m into cm? m into mm?
2. Why do you think most countries use the metric system?
How is area measured in the metric system?
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Which unit would be best to measure a classroom: cm, mm, or m? Why?
What would be the best unit to measure the length of a pencil?
What would be the best unit to measure the diameter of a dime?
In a decimal system, how would you correctly write 33 ½ cm; 5 ¼ m; 5 ¾ mm?
What is the area of a rectangle whose length is 5 cm and whose width is 3 cm?
How is volume measured?
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What is the formula for area?
What is the formula for volume?
What would be the best unit to measure the volume of your room?
What would be the best unit to measure the volume of a shoebox?
What is the area of a rectangle whose length is 5 cm and width is 3 cm?
How is the volume of a liquid measured?
1. What is the standard unit of volume in the metric system?
2. Define meniscus, include a picture:
3. How is a meniscus read?
How is the volume of irregular objects read?
1. The curved surface of a liquid in a container is called the ______________.
2. By what method do you find the volume of an irregularly shaped object?
3. Describe the process by which one measures the volume of an irregular object:
How is mass measured?
1. The amount of matter in an object is called its ______________.
2. What apparatus does a scientist use to measure mass?
3. How many grams are there in one kilogram?
4. Where is the pan?
5. What is a rider?
How is temperature measured?
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What temperature scale is used in the US for everyday use?
What temperature scale does the rest of the world use?
Why do you think ever7body else uses that scale?
What is the boiling point of water in Celsius? Fahrenheit?
What is the freezing point of water in the Celsius scale? Fahrenheit?
What must first be determined before reading any thermometer?
How do you determine the proper measurement?
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What apparatus is necessary to determine mass? What unit is mass measured in?
What apparatus is necessary to determine area? What unit is area measured in?
What apparatus is necessary to determine volume of a regular solid? What unit?
I want to wallpaper my room. Should I measure the temperature, area, volume, distance or mass of the
room?
5. I want to buy a new fish tank. Should I measure the measure the temperature, area, volume, distance
or mass?
6. I want to bike ride to the movies, what should I measure?
What are variables?
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The variable is the thing you attempt to __________ in an experiment.
What is another word for manipulated variable?
What is another word for responding variable?
What is the difference between a manipulated variable and a responding variable?
What are line graphs?
1. Observations are often recorded in a _________________.
2. We _______________ our data table by making a ________________.
3. One way to _____________ our data is by using graphs.
4. Any point on the graph has two values: A _________ coordinate and a ______ coordinate.
5. How can you use a graph to predict?
6. Explain how the values of x and y change for a directly and indirectly proportional graph.
7. Where does the manipulated variable go on a line graph?
8. What is another name for a manipulated variable?
9. Where does the responding variable go on a line graph?
10. What is another name for the responding variable?