Circulatory System-Study guide
Test on Wed, Jan 21.2015
1. Define circulation?
The movement of the blood through the heart and around the body is called circulation.
2. What is the circulatory/cardiovascular system made of?
The circulatory system is made up of the heart, blood vessels and blood.
3. What is the function of the cardiovascular system?
The cardiovascular system carries needed substances to cells and carries waste products
away from the cells.
4. What function does the heart perform?
The heart pumps the blood through the blood vessels.
5. How many chambers does a heart have?
The heart has four separate chambers. There are two upper and two lower chambers.
The upper chambers are called the atriums (left and right) and only receive blood that
comes into the heart.
The lower chambers are called the ventricles (left and right), and their task is to pump
the blood out of the heart.
6. What is the largest blood vessel in the body and what is its function?
The largest blood vessel in the body is the aorta. The aorta carries oxygenated blood
from the left ventricle to the rest of the body
7. What are the three kinds of blood vessels and state the function of each?
1. Arteries: Arteries are blood vessels that carry oxygen rich blood away from the
heart.
2. Capillaries: From the arteries blood flows into tiny vessels called capillaries.They are
the sites of the transfer of oxygen and other nutrients from the bloodstream to other tissues in
the body; they also collect carbon dioxide waste materials and fluids for return to the veins.
3. Veins: From capillaries blood flows into veins, which are the blood vessels that carry
oxygen poor blood from the body back to the heart
8. What are the four components of blood?
Blood is made of four components: plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and
platelets.
9. What is the function of plasma?
Plasma, the liquid part of the blood, transports materials such as glucose, vitamins, and
waste products.
10. What is the function of red blood cells?
Red blood cells which contain hemoglobin carry oxygen and deliver it to body cells.
11. What is the function of white blood cells?
White blood cells fight diseases.
12. What is the function of platelets?
Platelets help from blood clot that stops the bleeding when you cut yourself.
13. What is atherosclerosis?
Atherosclerosis is a condition in which an artery wall thickens as a result of the buildup
of fatty materials.
14. What happens if you develop atherosclerosis?
Atherosclerosis restricts the flow of blood in the arteries. When this happens, the heart
muscle receives less blood and therefore less oxygen. This condition may lead to heart
attack.
15. When does heart attack occur?
Heart attack occurs when blood flow to part of the heart muscle is blocked. Cells die in
the part of the heart that does not receive blood. This permanently damages the heart.
16. What is hypertension?
Hypertension is high blood pressure in which a person’s blood pressure is consistently
higher than normal.
17. What happens if someone has high blood pressure?
When someone has high blood pressure, the heart and arteries have a much heavier
workload. The heart must pump harder, and the arteries are under greater strain as
they carry blood.
If high blood pressure continues for a long time, the heart and arteries may no longer
work as well as they should. Other organs that are receiving the blood, like the kidneys
and brain, also can be affected.
Choose the right answer for the following.
1.
a.
b.
c.
d.
The beating sound your heart makes comes from ________________
Blood going in the wrong direction
Valves closing
The heart skipping beats
Your ears playing tricks on you
2. With circulation, the heart provides your body with ____________________
a. Oxygen
b. Nutrients
c. A way to get rid of waste
d. All the above
3. What parts act like doors that control blood flow in the heart?
a. Valves
b. Heart dams
c. Kidneys
d. Chambers
4. Blood vessels that have plaque buildup:
a. Are more flexible
b. Allow for greater blood flow
c. Cause increases in blood pressure
d. Are healthy
5. You can keep your heart strong by ____________________________
a. Eating heart-shaped candy
b. Doing activities, like playing outside, riding your bike, and swimming
c. Smoking
d. Sleeping 18 hours a day
6. These are the blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart _______________.
a. Arteries
b. Veins
c. Valves
d. pipes
Fill in the blanks with words from the word bank.
Word Bank
Oxygen
lungs
platelets
red
white
plasma
body
hemoglobin
bank
1. Without the red blood cells, your body could not use the ____________________ that you breathe in.
2. A red blood cell s made mostly of ______________________ which is an iron-containing protein.
2. Blood gets oxygen from your _________________.
4. _____________ blood cells fight germs.
5. Blood travels to all parts of your ________________.
6. The liquid part of the blood is called ___________________.
7. ____________ blood cells give blood its color.
8. ________________ form blood clots.
9. Adults donate blood at a blood ______________.