Name: ______________________________ Date: ____________ Period: ___ TOC:___
Chemical Compounds: Ionic and Covalent Bonds
Learning Objectives:
●
Student will be able to model and draw ionic and covalent bonds.
●
Students will be able to write and identify a compound's chemical formula.
Guiding Questions:
1. Why do atoms combine?
2. What are some ways atoms combine?
Use the following web-based Interactive lessons on ionic and covalent bonding:
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Ionic Bonding on Teacher's Domain:
http://www.teachersdomain.org/resource/lsps07.sci.phys.matter.ionicbonding/
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Covalent Bonding on Teacher's Domain:
http://www.teachersdomain.org/resource/lsps07.sci.phys.matter.covalentbond/
Materials:
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Rings of paper to represent electron energy levels
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Baggie of fruit loops
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This worksheet
Procedure:
1. Students will work in groups of 2-4 students.
2. As a class. we will make the compound NaCl. Follow along and build a model with the paper rings
and fruit loops. The fruit loops represent the electrons. Make sure that you use one color to show the
electrons on the sodium atom and a different color to show chlorine's electrons.
a. How many total electrons does sodium have? ____
i.
How many electrons fill up the first energy level? ____
ii.
How many electrons should we put on the second energy level? ____
iii.
How many go on the third? ____
b. Now for chlorine. How many total electrons does an atom of chlorine have? ____
i.
How many electrons fill up the first energy level? ____
ii.
How many electrons should we put on the second energy level? ____
iii.
How many go on the third? ____
c. To maintain stability, atoms prefer to have full valence shells. If an atom only has one energy
level it is complete and full with 2 electrons, if an atom has more than one energy level the
subsequent energy levels are stable with 8 electrons.
i.
So what do you think the sodium and chlorine atom can
do?__________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
ii.
If sodium loses a negative electron, what charge does it have now?
____________________
iii.
Chlorine gains a negative electron so what charge does it have?
________________________
iv.
When atoms have a charge, they are called ions. The positive sodium ion is attracted
to the negative chlorine ion, forming an __________________ bond.
3. You will now use your fruit loop model to complete the information for NaCl on the worksheet.
4. Now complete the rest of the models and fill in this worksheet as you go.
# of Atoms of
each Element
Illustration of Chemical Bond
Type of Bond
(Ionic or
Covalent)
Chemical
Formula
Sodium--1
Chlorine--1
MgF2
Hydrogen--2
# of Atoms of
each Element
Illustration of Chemical Bond
Type of Bond
(Ionic or
Covalent)
Chemical
Formula
H2O
Lithium--1
Chlorine--1
BeF
Carbon--1
Oxygen--2
Sodium--2
Oxygen--1
O2
Magnesium--1
Oxygen--1
N2
Follow-up Questions
1.
What type of bond do a metal and a nonmetal form?
2. What type of bond do two nonmetals form?
3. How can you tell when an ionic bond will form?
4. How can you tell when a covalent bond will form?
5. Did this activity help? What else do you want help with?