8th Grade Science
2nd Semester: Weekly Review #1
Name:______________________________
1. Coal is usually found underground, compressed in a layer between other types of rock.
Coal is produced by what rock-forming process?
A. crystallization from melted rock
B. formation of sediment from weathering
C. deposition and burial of dead plant matter
D. eruption of volcanic ash followed by settling in a layer
2. What is the major process of surface rock formation on volcanoes?
A. Rock cools quickly from melted rock.
B. Rock is recrystallized by extreme pressure.
C. Rock solidifies slowly deep underground.
D. Rock is formed from deposited sediment.
3. Why is coal considered to be a nonrenewable energy source?
A. Sunlight is the original source of energy for coal.
B. The burning of coal could cause environmental pollution.
C. Once coal is mined, it can take millions of years to be replaced.
D. Coal is abundant, but it is very expensive to mine from underground.
4. Which kind of rock is produced by deposition and cementation?
A. marble, a metamorphic rock
B. sandstone, a sedimentary rock
C. granite, an intrusive igneous rock
D. pumice, an extrusive igneous rock
Use the picture of Earth’s Cross Section to answer question 5.S0000ESEXR0529B
5. Scientists believe that forces in Earth’s mantle move Earth’s
crustal plates. What do the arrows in the diagram represent?
A. ocean currents
B. gravity
C. convection currents
D. wind patterns
6. Mount Rushmore is in South Dakota. This statue was carved more than 60 years ago. The
faces on this granite statue are slowly wearing away. Which natural process causes this
wearing away?
A. earthquakes
B. water from floods
C. blowing wind and rain
D. lava flowing from volcanoes
7. What kind of rocks are formed under the surface of the earth from the change that occurs
due to intense heat and pressure? _______________________
8. What kind of rocks are formed when magma (molten rock deep within the earth) cools and
hardens? _______________________
9.