You are almost ready for your Segment 2 final exam! Complete this review sheet and submit
it to your instructor via email. Then schedule a time to review your responses so that you can
use this as notes for your final exam.
Analyzing Kennedy’s speech (Lesson 5.02): You will be asked to analyze a text
on the final exam
What is Kennedy’s claim?
Kennedy is trying to claim that the US,
should be the first on space science.
What is the counterclaim?
What is Kennedy’s point of view? (5.03)
Read Kennedy’s speech and break down the paragraphs
Example: Those who came before us made
certain that this country rode the first waves of the
industrial revolution, the first waves of modern
invention, and the first wave of nuclear power,
and this generation does not intend to founder in
the backwash of the coming age of space. We
mean to be a part of it—we mean to lead it. For
the eyes of the world now look into space, to the
moon and to the planets beyond, and we have
vowed that we shall not see it governed by a
hostile flag of conquest, but by a banner of
freedom and peace. We have vowed that we shall
not see space filled with weapons of mass
destruction, but with instruments of knowledge
and understanding.
Yet the vows of this Nation can only be fulfilled if
we in this Nation are first, and, therefore, we
intend to be first. In short, our leadership in
science and in industry, our hopes for peace and
security, our obligations to ourselves as well as
others, all require us to make this effort, to solve
these mysteries, to solve them for the good of all
men, and to become the world's leading spacefaring nation.
We set sail on this new sea because there is new
knowledge to be gained, and new rights to be
won, and they must be won and used for the
progress of all people. For space science, like
nuclear science and all technology, has no
conscience of its own. Whether it will become a
force for good or ill depends on man, and only if
the United States occupies a position of preeminence can we help decide whether this new
ocean will be a sea of peace or a new terrifying
theater of war. I do not say that we should or will
go unprotected against the hostile misuse of
space any more than we go unprotected against
the hostile use of land or sea, but I do say that
space can be explored and mastered without
feeding the fires of war, without repeating the
mistakes that man has made in extending his writ
around this globe of ours.
There is no strife, no prejudice, no national
conflict in outer space as yet. Its hazards are
Example:
Give a five-word summary of the paragraph and
tell how it relates to the claim or counterclaim:
 We will lead space race
 Gives the claim and lists other firsts
where America has lead the world to
show we have lead before
Give a five-word summary of the paragraph and
tell how it relates to the claim or counterclaim:


Give a five-word summary of the paragraph and
tell how it relates to the claim or counterclaim:


Give a five-word summary of the paragraph and
tell how it relates to the claim or counterclaim:
hostile to us all. Its conquest deserves the best of
all mankind, and its opportunity for peaceful
cooperation many never come again. But why,
some say, the moon? Why choose this as our
goal? And they may well ask why climb the
highest mountain? Why, 35 years ago, fly the
Atlantic? Why does Rice play Texas?
We choose to go to the moon. We choose to go to
the moon in this decade and do the other things,
not because they are easy, but because they are
hard, because that goal will serve to organize and
measure the best of our energies and skills,
because that challenge is one that we are willing
to accept, one we are unwilling to postpone, and
one which we intend to win, and the others, too.


Give a five-word summary of the paragraph and
tell how it relates to the claim or counterclaim:


Neutral tone:
Explain whether the following sentences have a neutral tone. (Hint: look for positive and negative
connotation words that will make the sentence positive or negative instead of neutral)
Example: His against-all-odds achievements are
Example: This has a positive tone and not a
all the more remarkable considering he was
neutral tone. Words like “achievements” and
forced to quit school aged 14 because his family
“remarkable” have strong positive connotations
could no longer afford the $80-a-year (£50) fees.
which definitely make the tone positive and not
neutral.
Unable to attend school, he kept up his education
by using a local library.
He upgraded his original windmill to 48-volts and
anchored it in concrete after its wooden base was
chewed away by termites.
The teenager had a dream of bringing electricity
and running water to his village.
Claim, counterclaim, thesis:
The driving age should be changed to 18 in order to prevent the accidents and loss of life
caused by young drivers. Use the 5-step process to write a counterclaim.
Complete the following sentence: The claim
states that …
Cross out "The claim states that." What remains is
your clearly stated position.
Complete the following sentence: Some may
disagree because …
Cross out "Some may disagree because." What
remains is your counterclaim.
Combine these two thoughts into one sentence
using words like while and although to help
connect the ideas. This is your thesis.
Logical evidence and support: Remember that evidence is logical support (logos) and is not tied
to emotion or right and wrong (ethos and pathos).
For the claim, “But this was not another tale of African potential thwarted by poverty.” Which of
the following is logical evidence (logos) and which are persuasion (pathos and ethos). Quote
words from the sentences to explain your analysis
Example: Mr. Kamkwamba, who is now 22 years
Example: This is logical support for the claim
old, knocked together a turbine from spare bicycle because it shows exactly what he used and how
parts, a tractor fan blade and an old shock
old he was. Those are facts. I do not see any
absorber, and fashioned blades from plastic
emotion words here, so this is definitely evidence.
pipes, flattened by being held over a fire.
Meanwhile, he installed a solar-powered
mechanical pump, donated by well-wishers,
above a borehole, adding water storage tanks and
bringing the first potable water source to the entire
region around his village.
Fascinated by science, his life changed one day
when he picked up a tattered textbook and saw a
picture of a windmill.
But his ingenious project met blank looks in his
community of about 200 people.
Syntax and Diction: Lessons 6.03 and 6.05
What is inverted syntax and why would an
author use it?
“How long I sat beside Calypso I don't know.”
“Ten thousand saw I at a glance”
“The waves beside them danced”
Does this use inverted syntax or traditional
syntax? How do you know?
Does this use inverted syntax or traditional
syntax? How do you know?
Does this use inverted syntax or traditional
syntax? How do you know?
Put the following words in order from most formal
diction to least formal diction:
busy, engaged, occupied
Put the following words and phrases in order from
most formal diction to least formal diction:
shall not, won’t, will not
Grammar: Lesson 6.12
What is parallel structure?
Why is it important in writing?
Correct the sentences below to achieve parallel structure
Example: To write a strong essay, you must
Example: To write a strong essay, you must
research information, keep good notes, and
research information, keep good notes, and
outlining all the way.
outline all the way.
I love to sing, running, and swimming.
I am not going to eat anything that is spicy, slimy,
or it is undercooked.
Run-on sentences, comma splices, semicolons
Why is the following considered a run-on
sentence?
My good friend loves playing basketball, beach
volleyball, and soccer he recently hurt himself
and cannot play for months.
CORRECT this run-on sentence using a
comma and conjunction: My good friend loves
playing basketball, beach volleyball, and soccer
he recently hurt himself and cannot play for
months.
CORRECT this run-on sentence using only a
semicolon: My good friend loves playing
basketball, beach volleyball, and soccer he
recently hurt himself and cannot play for
months.
Context Clues: Lesson 4.03
Example: The young woman pressed and prodded
the wasted muscles, resting her body on her knees,
her bowed head hidden as in a cloud by her black
wealth of hair.
The young woman pressed and prodded the wasted
muscles, resting her body on her knees, her bowed
head hidden as in a cloud by her black wealth of
hair.
I do not say that we should or will go unprotected
against the hostile misuse of space any more than we
go unprotected against the hostile use of land or sea,
but I do say that space can be explored and mastered
without feeding the fires of war, without repeating
the mistakes that man has made in extending his
writ around this globe of ours.
Example: What words or phrases could you
substitute for “wasted muscles” in this sentence to
mean the same?
I would substitute weak and hurting muscles since
the young woman is massaging them.
What words or phrases could you substitute for
“wealth of hair” in this sentence to mean the
same?
What word or phrase could you substitute for
“extending his writ” in this sentence to mean the
same? (5.02 page 3)