Name: ___________________________
Period: _________________
Evolution Review Key
1. The pelvis and femur in whales is an example of… (Circle one)
Vestigial structures, homologous structures or analogous structures
2. Using the diagram to the right what is the
Anatomical difference between modern horse and
its ancestors. The number of toes has decreased.
3. As organism survive and reproduce, what will most likely increase? The frequency of the genes in the
population
4. Which condition is essential for natural selection to result in a new species? An inherited variation
5. Hummingbirds have a beak just the right length to reach the nectar in a cardinal flower and
as they feed their foreheads bump into the pollen structure. Cardinal flowers are red which
hummingbirds can see but bees can’t. Cardinal flower’s pollen structure is just the right
length for the hummingbird to pick up pollen as it feeds. This is an example of which type of
evolution?
A. Convergent evolution
B. Divergent evolution
C. Coevolution
D. Punctuated equilibrium
6. In the ocean surrounding Antarctica, there are fish that survive the cold water by using a
molecule made of glycoproteins that circulates the blood and keeps it from freezing. Certain
kinds of worms that live in the Arctic Ocean also make antifreeze proteins that help them live
in icy water. This is an example of which type of evolution?
A. Convergent evolution
B. Divergent evolution
C. Coevolution
D. Punctuated equilibrium
7. The Galapagos finches evolved through natural selection from a common ancestor into a
wide variety of different looking species. This is an example of which type of evolution?
A. Convergent evolution
B. Divergent evolution
C. Coevolution
D. Punctuated equilibrium
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8. What does genome maps allow the scientist to determine? How closely related the two species are
to each other
9. When the cow contributes to the gene pool of the new herd, which of these most likely increases?
Genetic Variation
10. Which of the finches in the diagram below would be able to eat the largest, toughest nuts and
seeds?
Large ground finch
11. The similarities of organisms in which two areas numbered below provide the best evidence for
common ancestry between the organisms in both locations? 1 and 2
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12. The organisms to the right have structures that are different but have
similar function is called? Analogous Structures
13. The organisms below provide evidence of common ancestry because they
Have the same basic structure but different function. What is this called?
Homologous Structures
14. After examining the fossil record, scientists have determined that scorpions today are much
smaller than their extinct ancestors. For example, Jaekelopterus rhenaniae, a giant scorpion
species that lived 255 million to 460 million years ago, was 2.5 meters long. Which of the
following conclusions is supported by this information? Scorpions have changed as a result of natural
selection.
15.On the Galapagos Islands, Charles Darwin observed… Somewhat similar species, with traits that
suited their particular environments.
16. Sources of changes in species over time can be all of the following EXCEPT …
A. Mutations
B. Asexual reproduction
C. Genetic variations
D. Natural Selection
17. Lord Howe Island is a volcanic island in the Tasman Sea that is about 11 km long and 2.8 km wide.
The island has two species of palm trees, Howea fosteriana and the more abundant Howea belmoreana.
The two species do not interbreed even when they grow very close to each other. Which evolutionary
process fails to occur?
A. Genetic drift of Howea fosteriana
B. Natural selection of adaptive traits in both species
C. Gene flow between the two species
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18.. How is the moth’s proboscis size and adapation
for its environment?
The moth has little competition for food
19. What does a scarlet king snake have banding patterns like a coral snake?
To protect the scarlet king snake from its predators
20. Which discovery would challenge the validity of this cladogram below? A fossil of a fern more than
425 million years old
21. The diagram below shows a model of species divergence among some primates. If this model is
correct, the greatest genetic differences would be found in the DNA sequences of which two
species?
A. Tarsius bancanus and Cebus albifrons
B. Macaca sylvanus and Macaca mulatta
C. Hylobates lar and Pongo pygmaeus
D. Pan troglodytes and Lemur catta
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