Name:_________________________________
Hour:_______________
_
What is Genetics?

The study of heredity_______
What is Heredity?

The study of how traits are passed from one generation to the next in all organisms
What is an organism (a living thing)?
 There are five characteristics that all organisms have in common:
1.)
2.)
3.)
4.)
5.)
Made up of cells which contain DNA
Obtain and use energy___________
Respond to stimulus_____________
Grow and develop_______________
Reproduce_____________________
What are the major groups of living organisms?
1.) Animals______
2.) Plants________
3.) Fungi_________
4.) Protista_______
5.) Bacteria______(2 types)
What is a trait?
 Traits are observable characteristics that are passed from parent to child
HOW are traits passed or inherited?
 You are made up of approximately 50,000,000,000,000 cells
 Every cell
contains a nucleus , (which is like a little brain for each cell)
 Each nucleus contains your chromosomes____

46_ chromosomes organized into
Humans have

23 come from

Mom__ and 23 come from
23 pairs__
Dad__
Different organisms have different numbers of chromosomes___
 Each chromosome contains many different genes_____
Your
genes contain instructions or receipes which decide your traits
 Genes are made of a chemical called:
Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid or DNA__________________
DNA
Chromosome
Nucleus
Base Pairs
Cell
Gene
Rules of Heredity:






An individual will have many traits in common with others and more so with siblings and parents.
An individual's overall combination of traits makes them unique.
Some traits are more common in a population than others.
An equal number of traits are passed from each parent.
DNA is a set of instructions that specifies the traits of an organism.
Variations in DNA lead to the inheritance of different traits.
Why do you look like your parents?
The work of Gregor Mendel:





Gregor Mendel did experiments with pea plants to study inheritance
Every living thing inherits traits, or characteristics, from its parents.
o
Genetics is the study of heredity
Medel did experiements with pea plants to study inheritance