US GOVERNMENT
CRAWFORD
FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE
EXAM INFORMATION
Period One
TUESDAY, MAY 26, 2015
8:20-10:00 AM
TEST FORMAT
 Multiple Choice, True False, Matching, Short Answers
 Pen and Pencil
 NO iPads allowed throughout exam period
CHAPTER 9 Public Opinion
Sources of Public Opinion
Influence on Public Policy
Political Socialization
Family, School, Work, Demographics
Role of Media
Criticisms of Media
Bias
Omission
Inaccuracy
Polling
Randomness
Sample Size
Margin of Error
Interest Groups
Single Issue
Public Interest
Role of Interest Groups in Political Process (lobbying)
Political Parties
select qualified candidates for election
Benefits to society
Criticisms
Election Process
Nomination process
Voting Requirements
Predictors of Voting Behavior
party identification
issues
candidate background
voter’s background (age, race, sex…)
Political Campaigns
Hard Money
Soft Money
Political Action Committees
Voting
Voter Behavior
Election Day
Absentee Ballots
Early Voting
CHAPTER TEN Civil Liberties
Civil Liberties v Civil Rights
The Bill of Rights
1st Amendment
religion
speech
press
assembly
petition
2nd Amendment
right to bear arms
4th Amendment
protection from search and seizures
5th Amendment
due process
rights of the accused
grand jury indictment, no double jeopardy, no self-incrimination
6th Amendment
rights at trial
jury trial, confront witnesses, legal counsel
7th Amendment
civil lawsuits
8th Amendment
cruel and unusual punishment
no excessive bails or fines
Additional Criminal Rights
habeas corpus
no ex post facto laws
no bills of attainder
Criminal Court Process
arrest
grand jury indictment
arraignment
jury trial/bench trial
conviction
sentencing
CHAPTER ELEVEN Civil Rights
14th Amendment: Equal Protection
rational basis test
strict scrutiny test
Citizenship
birthright citizenship
born of US citizens
naturalization
Loss of Citizenship
Immigration Debate
CHAPTER THIRTEEN Supreme Court Cases
Brown v. Board of Education, Topeka, Kansas
Buckley v Valeo
Church of Lukimi Babula Aye v. Hialeah
Citizens United v Federal Elections Commission
Employment Division Oregon Dept. of Human Resources v. Smith
Engel v. Vitale
Gideon v. Wainwright
Marbury v. Madison
McCulloch v. Maryland
Miranda v. Arizona
Plessy v. Ferguson
Schenck v. United States
Texas v. Johnson,
Tinker v. Des Moines
West Virginia v. Barnette
Wisconsin v. Yoder
New Jersey v. T.L.O.
POVERTY WEEK
poverty line
TAXES
Types of Taxes
Income, Sales, Property
Structure of taxes
progressive
regressive
flat
Income Tax
income
taxable income
dependent
deduction
exemption
tax credit
CHAPTER FOURTEEN Diplomacy/Foreign Relations
Foreign Policy Goals of the United States
Foreign Policy Tools
Diplomatic
Economic
Military
President, Chief Diplomat
Secretary of State
Ambassadors (professional v political)
Role of Congress in Foreign Policy
United Nations
UN General Assembly
UN Security Council
CHAPTER 15 Comparative Government
Democracies
Presidential Systems
Parliamentary Systems
Unitary System
Federal System
Authoritarian Governments
illusion of government no real rights or freedoms
rule through fear and violence
Economic Systems
Free Market Capitalism, Adam Smith
Communism, Karl Marx
Mixed Economy
CHAPTER SIXTEEN State and Local Government
Federalism
Full Faith and Credit Clause
Supremacy Clause
States
Executive
Legislative
bicameral
professional v citizen legislatures
Judicial
appointed
elected
Missouri System
terms in office
Budget
expenditures
revenues
Local Government
County
Municipalities
incorporated
unincorporated
structure of local government
mayor-council strong
mayor-council weak
manager system
commission
town meeting
Maryland Government
District of Columbia Government
Role of Citizens
Referendum
Recall
Initiative