Components of Blood
- components, how blood separates, what percentage is RBCs, buffy coat, plasma, etc.
- physical characteristics of blood
- what is contained in the blood plasma
- how plasma proteins and salts function in maintaining osmotic pressure
- what osmosis is
- characteristics and the three examples of plasma proteins
- types of formed elements
- general characteristics of erythrocytes and leukocytes; differences between them
- describe the function of hemoglobin
- definition of anemia and leukemia
- 5 types of leukocytes – be able to describe the function of each type
- difference between lymphoid and myeloid stem cells
- structure and function of platelets
- what hematopoiesis is, where it occurs, what lymphoid stem cells produce and what myeloid stem cells produce
Hematopoeisis and Hemostasis
- what controls rate of RBC, WBC, and leukocyte production
- blood doping – review questions and article
- three phases of blood clotting and what occurs in those phases
- describe a thrombus and an embolus
Buffers:
- Physiological acidsosis vs. normal acidosis
- Where most H+ ions come from
- Three systems in the body that control pH? Which plays the biggest role
- Basic definition of an acid, base, strong acid, strong base, weak acid, and weak base
- What a buffer is – how does it prevent changes in H+ ion concentrations?
- two parts of the bicarbonate buffer system – sodium bicarbonate and carbonic acid
- Why a weak acid or a weak base still might need buffering
- what happens when an acid or base is added to a buffer system
Blood Transfusions and Typing
- what happens as a result of blood lose
- what a transfusion is
- What happens during a transfusion reaction (i.e. agglutination, blockage of kidney tubules, etc.)
- Definition of an antigen
- Definition of an antibody
- Difference between a blood group and a blood type
- Know how to go back and forth between blood type, antibodies present, and antigens present.
- difference in production and presence of Rh vs. ABO antibodies
- describe universal donor and universal recipient
- what happens in various examples of blood transfusions