First Aid, CPR and AED
Chapter 4 Notes: p. 15-23
Name: _________________________
Date/Block: ____________________
Define Heart Attack: Death of part of the heart muscle due to reduced or no blood supply.
Define Cardiac Arrest: Stoppage of the heart.
List and describe the five links in the chain of survival:
1. _Recognition and Action_: Recognize the signs of cardiac arrest and call 9-1-1.
2. _CPR_: Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation- Chest compressions and rescue breathing.
3. __Defibrillation_: Giving a shock to the heart to restart the heartbeat.
4. __Advanced Care__: Care given by paramedics/EMT’s: includes IV fluids,
medications and airway devices if needed.
5. __Post-arrest Care__: Life saving medications, surgical procedures, check-ups.
What does CPR stand for? Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
What is the goal of Chest Compressions? To circulate the blood to the heart and brain
*REVIEW* How do you check responsiveness? What do you do if there is no response?
Tap and shout; If no response, check for breathing. If victim is not breathing, call 9-1-1
and begin CPR.
Describe how you give chest compressions: For adults, two hands with fingers interlocked.
Compressions are done in the center of the chest using the heel of the hand. Chest should be
compressed at least 2 inches. Compressions are done at a rate of 100 compressions/minute.
Head ____tilt_____, chin ____lift____ to open the victim’s airway.
Describe how you give rescue breaths: Head tilt, chin lift, pinch nose. Make a tight seal over
the victim’s mouth with your mouth. Give two breaths lasting one second each. Watch to make
sure that the chest rises. If the chest does not rise after the first breath, readjust head and chin,
then repeat breath. If second breath does not cause the chest to rise, continue with 30 chest
compressions.
For ADULT CPR: You give __30___ compressions and __2___ breaths.
For CHILD CPR: You give __30___ compressions and __2___ breaths.
For INFANT CPR: You give __30___ compressions and __2___ breaths.
Describe a mild airway obstruction: Partial blockage of the airway that causes reduced airflow.
Encourage the victim to cough. Do not hit them on the back.
The signs of a severe airway obstruction include:
1. The victim’s breathing is becoming more difficult.
2. The victim has a weak or ineffective cough.
3. The victim has the inability to speak or breathe.
4. The victim’s skin, nailbeds or inside of the mouth turn bluish gray.
What is the universal sign for choking? Two hands clutching/grasping the neck.
List and describe the steps for assisting a responsive adult or child who cannot speak, cough or
breathe.
1. Check for choking: look for the universal sign. Ask for consent.
2. If victim provides consent, perform the Heimlich on the victim until the object comes out or
the victim becomes unresponsive or stops breathing.
List and describe the steps for assisting a responsive infant who cannot speak, cough or
breathe.
1. Support the infants head and neck. Provide 5 back blows with the infant lying on your
forearm, supported by your leg. The infant’s head should be pointed towards the ground.
2. Provide 5 chest compressions, using two fingers, with the infant lying on your forearm,
supported by your leg. The infant’s head should be pointed towards the ground.
If the choking victim becomes unresponsive, call ____9-1-1______ and give __CPR__.