AP European History
Period 1
Chapter 7 Worksheet & Essay
Name ________________________________________
Date ______________________________ Period _________
Chapter 7: Society and Economy Under the Old Regime in the Eighteenth Century
Mostly family, trade, and agriculture
MULTIPLE CHOICE
_____ 1. The smallest, wealthiest, and best-defined aristocracy resided in ________.
A. Britain
C. France
B. Spain
D. Russia
_____ 2. French nobles were divided between nobles “of the sword” and nobles “of the ________.”
A. church
C. robe
B. crown
D. blood
_____ 3. The Polish szlachta, compared to the English nobility, were ________.
A. less numerous
C. relatively weak
B. much more powerful
D. declining in power
_____ 4. Between 1700 and 1800, Europe’s population rose from 100–120 million people to
________ million people.
A. about 520
C. almost 190
B. about 310
D. almost 150
_____ 5. Introduced from the New World, what new product allowed a more certain food supply in
Europe and enabled more children to survive to adulthood and rear children of their own?
A. wheat
C. potato
B. squash
D. corn
_____ 6. The single largest free-trade area in Europe during the eighteenth century was ________.
A. Italy
B. Spain
C. France
D. Great Britain
_____ 7. What industry pioneered the Industrial Revolution?
A. textiles
C. transportation
B. housing
D. food processing
_____ 8. In the years between 1600 and 1750, the cities that grew most vigorously were ________.
A. capitals and ports
B. military forts and capitals
C. industrial cities and ecclesiastical cities
D. ports and cities bordering the national line
AP European History
Period 1
Chapter 7 Worksheet & Essay
_____ 9. The largest single group in eighteenth-century cities was composed of ________.
A. clergy
B. the unemployed
C. shopkeepers, artisans, and wage earners
D. merchants
_____ 10. What inventor became famous for using an iron plow and planting wheat with a drill?
A. Charles Townsend
B. James Watt
C. Jethro Tull
D. Robert Bakewell
_____ 11. Who was permitted to hunt for game according to traditional ways of the Old Regime?
A. peasants
B. clergymen
C. military officers
D. landowners
_____ 12. The idea that luxury would not lead to moral decay was supported by ________.
A. David Hume
B. Robert Jacques Turgot
C. Josiah Wedgwood
D. Emelyan Pugachev
_____13. Women were particularly vulnerable to disease and death resulting from ________.
A. puerperal fever
C. smallpox
B. meningitis
D. typhoid
_____14. The first engine using steam power was invented by ________.
A. James Watt
C. John Wilkinson
B. Matthew Boulton
D. Thomas Newcomen
_____15. The term “Old Regime” has come to refer to the ________.
A. gradual transition of Europe’s monarchies to that of democracies and republics
B. economic policies that existed across Europe before the eighteenth-century Industrial
Revolution
C. social, political, and economic relationships in Europe just prior to the French Revolution
D. social and political infrastructure that existed before the Protestant Reformation
_____16. French nobles were technically responsible for payment of the vingtième, which resembles
what modern-day tax?
A. income tax
B. property tax
C. sales tax
D. municipal tax
AP European History
Period 1
Chapter 7 Worksheet & Essay
_____17. In preindustrial Europe, the economy of a household that developed on farms, in artisans’
workshops, and in small merchants’ shops was known as the ________ economy.
A. household
B. domestic
C. family
D. merchant
_____18. In preindustrial Europe, the dominant concern of married women was ________.
A. producing enough children
B. child rearing
C. producing enough farm goods to ensure an adequate food supply
D. domestic duties such as cooking, cleaning, and sewing
_____19. The Dutch exemplified which of these responses to population growth?
A. monetary incentives for small families
B. birth control
C. establishing overseas colonies
D. increasing agricultural productivity
_____20. Factory production of purely cotton fabric was made possible by the invention of the_____.
A. water frame
C. pulling-out system
B. spinning jenny
D. steam engine
_____21. The steam engine was revolutionary because it _________.
A. replaced oil with petroleum as a fuel
B. removed the European dependence on fossil fuels
C. made transportation possible
D. provided a virtually unlimited source of power
_____22. Which of the following was a clearly defined long-term result of the shift in female
employment?
A. Women, as a group, made little or no economic contribution to Europe’s economy.
B. Women’s work became associated with the home rather than with places where men worked.
C. Women were closely involved the new technologies in farming, transportation, and
manufacturing.
D. Women’s wage-earning potential was valued.
_____23. Which of these is generally related to neolocalism?
A. early marriage
B. later marriage
C. extended families
D. Protestantism
_____24. For girls that became servants, this work was generally ________.
A. a prelude to marriage
B. a career
C. considered demeaning
D. a welcome escape from the family
AP European History
Period 1
Chapter 7 Worksheet & Essay
_____25. Why did middle-class people show an increased interest in Wedgwood’s fine porcelain?
A. Wedgwood’s quality was very good.
B. Middle-class people began to do more entertaining.
C. Wedgwood’s porcelain dishes were cheaper than other dishes.
D. Middle-class people admired the porcelain sold to the aristocracy and wanted to have
something similar for themselves.
_____26. The change that rationalized the use of land and created higher productivity was the ___.
A. enclosure laws
C. bread riots
B. commercial revolution
D. Agricultural Revolution
_____ 27. The rapid growth of capital cities between 1600 and 1750 was tied to what other
development?
A. centralization of power
C. colonization
B. industrialization
D. the Agricultural Revolution
_____28. What did the introduction of maize and the potato represent for Eastern Europe?
A. frequent crop failure
B. a significant nutritional gain and agricultural change
C. significantly more work for serfs
D. increases in agricultural taxes
_____ 29 The use of wet nurses was ________.
A. an economic necessity for many women
B. a luxury for wealthy women
C. a sign of a neglectful mother
D. the first step toward child abandonment
_____ 30. The painting Robert Andrews and His Wife illustrates what traditional linkage of the Old
Regime?
A. commerce and the middle class
B. the nobility and servile labor
C. land and nobility
D. inherited privilege and an urban lifestyle
Short Answer: 4 points each
1. In detail, compare and contrast the treatment of those who worked the land in Russia,
Austria, Prussia, France, and southeastern Europe. How independent or free of their
Landlords were the serfs? Was there a way for the serfs to move up within their
respected societies? What burdens did this lower class carry?
Topic: The Land and Its Tillers
2. What brought about the expansion of agriculture in eighteenth-century Europe, and what were the
consequences? Based on your knowledge of the period,
what steps could have been taken to prevent such consequences? What indirect changes
resulted from the agricultural revolution?
Topic: The Revolution in Agriculture