Standard 4A: DNA and Protein Synthesis
Describe the chemical structure of DNA and its relationship to chromosomes. Explain the role of DNA
in protein synthesis.
Proficiency Levels
Exceeds
Meets
Developing
Description
•
Students will be able to model the process of transcription and
translation in terms of where it occurs within the cell and explain the
role of RNA (mRNA, rRNA, tRNA) in the formation of a protein (peptide).
•
Students will be able to determine the affect mutation has on a gene
(Frameshift Mutation, Point Mutation). Structure = Function.
•
Students will be able to identify the building blocks of DNA and RNA
(nucleotides) and their subcomponents (nitrogen base (A, T, C, G, U)),
sugars (deoxyribose, ribose) and phosphate.
•
Students will be able to transcribe a sequence of DNA into mRNA and
translate the mRNA into an amino acid sequence (protein).
Refer to the vocabulary and “I Can Statements”
25%
75%
UNIT 6: DNA and Protein Synthesis, Biotechnology
VOCABULARY
Adenine
Double-Helix
Phosphate
Template
Amino Acid
Frameshift Mutation
Point Mutation
Thymine
Anticodon
Guanine
Protein
Transcription
Codon
mRNA
Ribose
Translation
Cytosine
Mutation
Ribosome
tRNA
Deoxyribose
Nucleus
rRNA
Uracil
DNA
Peptide
Single-Helix
Restriction enzyme
Clone
Stem cell
DNA fingerprint
genomics
1. I can explain the attributes of DNA in terms of its four nitrogen bases, type of sugar, helical form and function.
13.1
Quiz 1
2. I can identify the complete nucleotide for any DNA molecule. 13.1
3. I can describe how DNA is replicated (copied). 13.2
4. I can explain the attributes of RNA in terms of its four nitrogen bases, type of sugar, helical form and function.
13.3
5. I can identify the complete nucleotide for any RNA molecule. 13.3
6. I can define the term transcription in my own words. 13.3
7. I can define the term translation in my own words. 13.3
Quiz 2
8. I can determine the cellular location of where transcription occurs. 13.3
9. I can determine the cellular location of where translation occurs. 13.3
10. I can take a strand of DNA and convert it into a complementary strand of mRNA. 13.3
11. I can take a strand of mRNA, allocate it into codons and determine its correct amino acid sequence. 13.3
12. I can draw a picture of a cell and show how the steps of transcription and translation in their appropriate
location, labeling the appropriate components necessary to produce a peptide (Nucleus, DNA, Ribosome, tRNA,
rRNA, mRNA, amino acids, peptide). 13.3
13. I can look at a strand of mRNA that has been mutated from the original strand of DNA and determine if a
Quiz 3
frameshift or point mutation has occurred. 14.1
14. I can look at mutated strands of mRNA and determine which one would affect the function of the peptide the
most, by translating the mutated strand into the amino acid sequence and comparing it to the un-mutated
strand. 14.1
15. I can describe DNA fingerprinting and its practical applications. 15.1
16. I can explain how a stem cell is different from other cells. 15.2
17. I can explain how large animals (such as a mouse) can be cloned and describe the biological relationship
between the clone and it’s surrogate, somatic cell donor, and egg donor. 15.2
18. I can explain how a restriction enzyme functions, and demonstrate with a given sequence of DNA where the
enzyme will cut the DNA. 15.3
Quiz 4