Meandered Ground Microstrip Patch Antenna for
WiMAX/WLAN Application
Zakir Ali
Vinod Kumar Singh
Ashish Kumar Singhal
IET Bundelkhand, University
Jhansi, India
SR Group of Institutions,
Jhansi, India
SR Group of Institutions,
Jhansi, India
zakirali008@gmail.com
singhvinod34@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
This paper presents novel line feed Microstrip patch Antenna
with wide bandwidth. The proposed microstrip antenna has a
wide bandwidth covering the range from 1.459-2.955 GHz.
By using slotted MSA and changing the position of feed, wide
bandwidth of 69.13% has been achieved. The proposed patch
antenna is designed and simulated on the Zeland IE3D
software.
of rectangular patch antenna is calculated from the equations
(1) – (4) Where c is the velocity of light, εr is the dielectric
constant of Substrate. Figure 1 shows the geometry of
proposed microstrip antenna and the dimensions of the
proposed microstrip antenna have given in Table-1
Table 1 Antenna Design Parameters
Parameters
εr
h
Lg
Wg
L
W
I
Keywords
Dual band, High Efficiency, Compact, Meandered Ground
INTRODUCTION
Modern wireless systems are placing greater emphasis on
antenna designs for future development in Communication
technology because of antenna being the key element in the
whole communication system. Communication between
human was first by sound through voice. These optical
communication devices, of course, utilized the light portion of
the electromagnetic spectrum. It has been only very recent in
human history that the electromagnetic spectrum, outside the
visible region, has been employed for communication,
through the use of radio. One of humankind’s greatest natural
resources is the electromagnetic spectrum.
Microstrip patch antennas are increasing in
popularity for use in wireless applications due to their lowprofile structure.[1-3] Therefore they are extremely
compatible for embedded antennas in hand held wireless
devices such as cellular phones, pagers etc. The telemetry and
communication antennas on missiles need to be thin and
conformal and are often in the form of Microstrip patch
Antennas. Another area where they have been used
successfully is in satellite communication. The later technique
gives excellent bandwidth improvement and maintains a
single radiating structure hence preserving the thin antenna
profile.
In this paper a wide band slotted microstrip antenna with
compact size is presented which gives a wide bandwidth of
69.13% suitable for wireless application which is best suitable
for WLAN/WiMAX applications.
ANTENNA DESIGN:
The length L of the patch is usually 0.3333λo< L < 0.5 λo,
where λo is the free-space wavelength. The patch is selected
to be very thin such that t << λo (where t is the patch
thickness). The height h of the dielectric substrate is usually
0.003 λo ≤ h ≤ 0.05 λo. The dielectric constant of the substrate
(εr) is typically in the range 2.2 ≤ εr≤ 12.The length and width
W 
Value (mm)
4.4 mm
1.6 mm
40
60
23.8
31
2
c
(1)
( r  1) / 2
2f
Where c is the velocity of light, εr is the dielectric constant of
substrate, ƒr is the antenna design frequency, W is the patch
width, and the effective dielectric constant εreff is given as [9]
[10]
 eff 
 r  1  r  1 
2

2
h
1  10 W 

1
2
(2)
The extension length ΔL is calculated as [9] [10]
l
 0.412
h

eff

eff
W

 0.300
 0.262 
 h

W

 0.258
 0.813 
 h

(3)
By using the above mentioned equation we can find the value
of actual length of the patch as [9] [10]
L
c
2f
 eff
 2l
(4)
The three essential parameters for the design of a rectangular
Microstrip Patch Antenna: The resonant frequency of the
antenna must be selected appropriately. The operating
frequency selected for presented design is 3 GHz. The
dielectric material selected for proposed design is glass epoxy
which has a dielectric constant of 4.4. A substrate with a high
dielectric constant has been selected since it reduces the
dimensions of the antenna. For the microstrip patch antenna is
to be used in cellular phones, it is essential that the antenna is
not bulky. Hence, the height of the dielectric substrate is
selected as 1.6 mm[4-7]
Fig.3. Smith Chart plot of proposed microstrip
antenna
Fig.1. Geometry of proposed micro strip antenna
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Figure 2 shows the return loss Vs frequency plot of proposed
microstrip antenna. The slotted antenna resonates at 1.6 GHz
and 2.50 GHz frequency giving a wide band width of 69.13%
which is suitable for WiMAX/WLAN application. Figure 3
shows the smith chart Vs frequency plot shows the input
impedance which should be ideally 50Ω used for impedance
matching. Figure 4 shows the VSWR curve which is of
presented microstrip antenna obtained from IE3D. The value
of VSWR should be less than 2 for desirable communication.
The proposed microstrip antenna has better gain and good
radiation efficiency. Fig 5 shows 3D radiation pattern which is
unidirectional
Fig.4. VSWR of proposed microstrip antenna
Fig.2. Return loss Vs frequency of proposed microstrip
antenna
Fig.5. Radiation pattern of proposed microstrip antenna
CONCLUSION:
A wide band slotted line feed microstrip antenna has
simulated & designed on substrate of dielectric constant 4.4.
The proposed antenna has been designed on glass epoxy
substrate to give a wide bandwidth of 69.13% and maximum
radiating efficiency of about 90%. The investigation has been
suitable for WLAN/WiMAX applications.
REFERENCES
1.
Girish Kumar and K.P. Ray, Broadband Microstrip antennas, Artech House 2003.
2.
Ramesh Garg, P. Bhartia, Inder Bahl, A. Ittipiboon, Microstip Antenna Design Handbook, Artech House, 2000
3.
C. A. Balanis, “Antenna Theory, Analysis and Design,” John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1997.
4.
Vinod K. Singh, Zakir Ali Ashutosh Kumar Singh “Dual wideband stacked patch antenna for WiMax and WLAN
application” IEEE Proc. Computational Intelligence and Communication Network (CICN- 2011), Print ISBN: 978-1-45772033-8 Page(s): 315 – 318. Gwalior, India.
5.
Vinod K. Singh, Zakir Ali, Ashutosh Kumar Singh, Shahanaz Ayub “Dual Band Triangular Slotted Stacked Microstrip
Antenna for Wireless Applications” Central European Journal of Engineering (ISSN: 1896-1541), Springer, Volume 3,
Issue2, pp221-225, June 2013.
6.
Y. X. Guo, L. Bian and X. Q. Shi, "Broadband Circularly Polarized Annular-Ring Microstrip Antenna,"IEEE Transactions
on Antennas and Propagation, AP-57, 8, pp. 2474-2477, August 2008.
7.
Vinod Kumar Singh, Zakir Ali, Shahanaz Ayub, Ashutosh Kumar Singh, “Dual Band Microstrip Antenna Design Using
Artificial Neural Networks” International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering
(IJARCSSE) pp-74-79 (ISSN: 2277 128X) Volume 3, Issue 1, January 2013.
8.
Tong K.F., Wong T.P.: ‘Circularly polarized U-slot antenna’, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag55, (8), pp. 2382–2385,2007.
9.
Vinod K. Singh, Zakir Ali, “Design and Comparison of a Rectangular-Slot-Loaded and C-Slot-Loaded Microstrip Patch
Antenna”, IJCSNS International Journal of Computer Science and Network Security, vol.10 No.4, April 2010
10. Zakir Ali, Vinod K. Singh, Ashutosh Kumar Singh, and Shahanaz Ayub “Wide Band Inset Feed Microstrip Patch Antenna
for Mobile Communication” Proc.IEEE, Print ISBN: 978-0-7695-4958-3/13, pp- 51 – 54, April-2013, Gwalior, India.
11. Saurabh Jain, Vinod Kumar Singh, Shahanaz Ayub, “Band Width and Gain Optimization of a Wide Band Gap Coupled
Patch Antenna”, International Journal of Engineering Sciences & Research Technology (IJESRT) ISSN 2277–9655 pp-649652, March-2013.
12. B. K. Ang and B. K. Chung, “A Wideband E-shaped microstrip patch antenna for 5–6 GHz wireless Communications,”
Progress In Electromagnetic Research, PIER75, 397-407, 2007.
13. Mohammad Tariqul Islam, Mohammed Nazbus, Shakib, Norbahiah Misran, Baharudin Yatim, “Analysis of Broadband
Microstrip Patch Antenna,” Proc. IEEE,pp758-761,Dec.2008.
.
.