Name: __________________________________________ Date: ______________ Block: __________
YOU BECOME THE SURGEON!!!
Virtual Joint Replacement Surgery Simulations
VIRTUAL KNEE REPLACEMENT SURGERY
Navigate to the following URL: http://www.edheads.org/
Click
, Select
Click
, Under the MENU, select the Virtual Surgery to enter.
If you are working in a class filled with other students, please select the
then click
1.
button at the top of the screen,
.
How old is your patient?
2. What types of “vital signs” had to be checked
prior to surgery?
i.
ii.
4. Why did you have to put your initials on the
patient’s knee?
5. What THREE functions do the anesthesia
drugs perform?
a.
iii.
iv.
1.
2.
v.
b. Was your patient able to undergo
surgery?
b.
c.
6. What does the tourniquet do?
3. Which knee needed to be repaired in surgery?
a. How were you able to determine this
from the X-ray?
7. What does the Betadine do?
b. What did the doctor say was wrong
with his knee?
8. Why does the knee surgery involve so many
drapes?
c. Which bone is worked on third?
d. Why were the ends of the bones taken
off?
9. What is the marker used for next?
a. What is the purpose of the single,
vertical line?
b. What is the purpose of the
perpendicular lines?
10. After performing the initial incision, the skin
spreaders pull apart the skin. You should be
able to see a yellowish substance just below
the surface of the skin… What is this?
13. Before the surgery can proceed, ___________
components must be fitted to the newly
altered bones.
14. Why do you think two tibial components are
inserted separately instead of as one unit?
15. What is the normal range of motion?
Think back to our Integumentary System Unit.
a. With the trial components in, does our
patient have the normal range of
motion?
11. What is the function of the Rongeur tool?
What did you use the Rongeur to remove?
Click
12. What do you use the drill, mallet, and saw to
do next?
.
16. How did the surgeon check that the knee
could NOT bend sideways?
17. Why do you think there are so many steps
taken to ensure proper knee alignment?
a. Which bone is worked on first?
b. Which bone is worked on second?
i. What had to be done to be
sure that this bone would be in
proper alignment after
surgery?
18. Once the trial components are tested, they
can be removed and the _________________
components are put in.
19. What is the first thing that is put on the
bones?
a. Then new components are then put in
place,
i. What must be done with the
leg so that the knee
components put pressure on
each other?
1.
What does this
pressure ensure?
21. How long will the typical patient remain in the
hospital?
22. How many weeks of physical therapy will the
patient have after they are released from the
hospital?
23. What two benefits will the patient have after
surgery (compared to how they felt prior to
surgery)?
a.
b. How long will the cement take to
solidify?
20. What are the next two steps?
a. What is the major difference between
these two methods of closing the
incision?
i. Why do you think each was
used on the tissue it was used
on?
b.
24. What kind of forces do you think the new
knee will need to withstand?
25. How many steps to people average per day?
Click on
surgery photos.
to view actual knee replacement

VIRTUAL HIP REPLACEMENT SURGERY
Navigate to the following URL: http://www.edheads.org/
Click
Click
, Select
, Under the MENU, select the Virtual Hip Replacement to enter.
If you are working in a class filled with other students, please turn off the audio using the
of your screen, then click
1.
button in the corner
.
What ward of the hospital are you working in
today?
2. What is the
a. Age of our patient?
b. Which stem fit our patient?
6. What is the metal cup?
b. Height of our patient?
c. Weight of our patient?
a. Which bone do we use to determine
which cup will work?
3. Which hip needed to be repaired in surgery?
a. How were you able to determine this
from the X-ray?
b. What did the doctor say was wrong with
the patient’s hip?
b. Which cup fit our patient?
7. Once the patient is prepped for surgery, what
must we mark first?
4. How do we “template” the hip?
a. How is this bone used to mark our actual
incision line? What are the
measurements above and below?
5. What is a stem?
a. Which bone do we use to determine
which stem will work?
8. What is the function of the bovie pencil?
15. After the dislocation is complete what TWO
things must we protect by using a retractor?
a. What does “cauterize” mean? You may need
to look this one up in a textbook or on the internet.
16. What is done with the femoral head?
9. Once you have used the retractors to pull apart
the layer of skin, what muscles must you cut
through?
17. What is the function of a reamer?
10. When pulling apart these muscles, what nerve
must we be careful not to disturb?
11. Why is it critically important to protect the
sciatic nerve throughout this procedure?
a. How do we know what size reamer to
use?
18. Why should we try to ream more toward the
top?
19. What is the acetabulum?
12. How many muscles connect to the top of the
femur?
20. What will help ensure proper orientation?
13. Once the muscles at the top of the femur are
pulled back, what can be seen?
21. What is “bone in-growth” and what is the
significance of it?
14. After the capsule is cut, what must be done to
the femoral head?
22. Why does the plastic liner offer more coverage
at the top, back part of the cup?
a. How is this done?
23. Why do we elevate the femur next?
29. Why does the patient have osteophytes?
24. What is the medullary canal of the femur?
25. Why do we need access to the medullary canal?
30. What muscles must be sutured through?
26. What is a rasp and why is it important?
31. How long will the typical patient remain in the
hospital?
27. Once the trial ball is put in place,
a. What do we test?
i. How do we test each?
32. How many weeks of recovery and physical
therapy will the patient have after they are
released from the hospital?
b. Why do we test these things?
a. What will this recovery regimen ensure
for our patient?
28. Before we put in the real prosthetic stem, what
must be removed?