Chapters 1-16 : Time, Place and Significance.
Term:
Council of Trent/
Catholic Counter
Reformation
Era:
1450-1750 Early
Modern
Region
Europe
Significance
Catholic church clarifies
doctrine and corrected
abuses.
Tokugawa Shogunate
1450-1750 Early
Modern
Japan
Military rulers of Japan:
unify and “close” Japan by
the 17th century.
Marco Polo
500-1500 PostClassical: Accelerating
connections
Europe/ China
Kubilai Khan
500-1500 PostClassical: Accelerating
connections
500-1500 PostClassical: Accelerating
connections
Central Asia/China
The most famous European
traveler of the middle ages.
Wildly popular accounts of
travel in China
Grandson of Chinggis Khan,
ruled China from 1271-1294
South China to East
Africa
Largest sea-based system of
communication and
exchange before 1500
500-1500 PostClassical: Accelerating
connections
1450-1750 Early
Modern
Eastern Europe/Russia
State that emerges around
Kiev. Leader Vladimir
converts to Christianity
Fur tribute to Russian rulers
from Siberians.
500-1500 PostClassical: Accelerating
connections
500-1500 PostClassical: Accelerating
connections
500-1500 PostClassical: Accelerating
connections
Korea
First dynasty to unify Korean
peninsula
Japan
Japan’s first capital city.
Modeled after Chinese city
Chang’an
Seized by Ottoman Empire in
1453: end of Byzantine
Christianity
500-1500 PostClassical: Accelerating
connections
500-1500 PostClassical: Accelerating
connections
SE Asia in Java
Indian Ocean Trade
Network
Kievan Rus
Yasak
Silla dynasty
Nara
Constantinople (end
of)
Borobudur
Ming Dynasty
Russia/Siberia
/Byzantine
EmpireModern day
Turkey
China
Largest Buddhist monument
ever built – great example of
Syncretism
Dynasty after the Mongols in
China. Back to traditional
Chinese ways
Axum
Classical Era 500BCE – East Africa
500 CE: Variations
Venice
500-1500 PostClassical: Accelerating
connections
1450-1750 Early
Modern
Europe/ Italy
Hangzhou
500-1500 PostClassical: Accelerating
connections
China
Song dynasty capital city.
Pop. Over 1,000,000
Karakorum
500-1500 PostClassical: Accelerating
connections
500-1500 PostClassical: Accelerating
connections
500-1500 PostClassical: Accelerating
connections
Classical Era 500BCE –
500 CE
Central Asia
Capital of the Mongol
Empire
Straits of Malacca :
present day Malaysia
and Indonesia
Europe
Wealthy kingdom that
created a hybrid
native/Indian culture
He created the Holy Roman
Empire
Roman
Empire/Europe, North
Africa
China
Massive estates run on slave
labor
Little Ice Age
Srivijaya
Otto I
Latifundia
Global
Qing dynasty
1450-1750 Early
Modern
Brahmins
Classical Era 500BCE – India
500 CE
Cyrillic/Cyril and
Methodius
500-1500 PostClassical: Accelerating
connections
Chaco phenomenon
Classical Era 500BCE – Northwestern New
500 CE: Variations
Mexico
Inca Empire
500-1500 PostClassical: Accelerating
connections
Byzantine Empire/
Russia
West coast of South
America
500 year kingdom of modern
day Ethiopia and
Eritrea/adopted Christianity
The major city of
Mediterranean trade by
1000 CE
Long period of cool temps
and harsh winters/ impacts
fur trade
A long ruling dynasty (16441912) – originally from
Manchuria
Indian social caste of priests
Two missionaries that
helped develop Cyrillic
alphabet. Slavic could now
be written
Long term process of
settlement of people in the
Chaco canyon; major road
building and pueblo
construction
Largest imperial state in the
western hemisphere 15th to
16th century. 10 million
subjects
Megafaunal extinction
Up to 500 BCE
global
Extinction of a number of
large animal species
(mammoth) at the end of
the last ice age
Empress Wu
500-1500 PostClassical: Accelerating
connections
China
Only female emperor in
Chinese history/Tang
dynasty
European
Enlightenment
1450-1750 Early
Modern
Europe
Great Zimbabwe
500-1500 PostCentral Africa
Classical: Accelerating
connections
Classical Era 500BCE – Niger Valley Africa
500 CE: Variations
18th century intellectual
movement: applied the
lessons of science to human
affairs
Developed as a result of gold
trade to East African coast:
High point: 1250-1350
Most studied city of the
Niger river civilizations: no
centralized state structures
Birth name of Chinggis Khanfirst ruler of the Mongols
Jenne-Jeno
Temujin
500-1500 PostClassical: Accelerating
connections
Up to 500 BCE
Central Asia
Song Dynasty
(economy)
500-1500 PostClassical: Accelerating
connections
China
Holy Roman Empire
500-1500 PostClassical: Accelerating
connections
500-1500 PostClassical: Accelerating
connections
1450-1750 Early
Modern
Germany
500-1500 PostClassical: Accelerating
connections
500-1500 PostClassical: Accelerating
connections
China
Venus figurines
Aztec Empire
Mughal Empire
Yuan Dynasty
Al-Ghazali
Global
Mexico
India
Middle east
Paleolithic carvings of
female form. Likely religious
significance
Massive economic
development/specialization=
population growth,
urbanization, huge canal
system
Described the first German –
based Empire. This is the
“first” Reich
Major state that developed
in 14th and 15th centuries/
conquered by Spain
Very successful Indian
empire. Founded by
invading Muslim Turks in
1526.
Mongol dynasty in China
1271-1368
Muslim theologian who
brought Sufism into
mainstream Islamic thinking.
Timbuktu
500-1500 PostClassical: Accelerating
connections
1450-1750 Early
Modern
West Africa
Trung Sisters
500-1500 PostClassical: Accelerating
connections
Vietnam
Cahokia
Classical Era 500BCE – Mississippi Valley,
500 CE: Variations
North America
Sisters that launched a
major revolt against China in
39 CE But become the
symbols of Vietnamese
resistance to China
Center of major mound
building culture
Charlemagne
500-1500 PostClassical: Accelerating
connections
Western Europe
Ruler of the Carolingian
Empire. Staged imperial
revival in Europe
“fixed winds”
1450-1750 Early
Modern
Atlantic Ocean
Bhagavad Gita
Classical Era 500BCE – India
500 CE
3rd Wave civilizations
500-1500 PostClassical: Accelerating
connections
500-1500 PostClassical: Accelerating
connections
Classical Era 500BCE –
500 CE
Prevailing Atlantic winds
that allowed for European
exploration and colonization
of the Americas
Epic Hindu text which
confirms caste duties as a
path to religious liberation
Civilizations emerging
between 500 – 1500 CE
intense trade networks
Imperial state ruled by a
warrior King – emerged in
15th century
Roman Gladiator who led a 2
year slave revolt
Guru Nanak/ Sikhism
Benin
Spartacus
Kami
Theravada
Chavin
Northern India
Global
Western Africa
Rome/Italian
peninsula
500-1500 PostJapan
Classical: Accelerating
connections
Classical Era 500BCE – India
500 CE
Classical Era 500BCE – Peruvian Andes
500 CE: Variations
Great city that became a
center of Islamic scholarship
in the region
Nanak is the founder of
Sikhism, which is a hybrid of
Islam and Hindusim:
message = brotherhood of
humans! Gender equality
Sacred spirits of Japan
(nature or ancestor) became
Shinto
Early form of Buddhism:
Buddha is a wise teacher but
not divine
Religious center from 900 to
200 BCE
Voltaire
1450-1750 Early
Modern
Europe
Enlightenment thinker,
major proponent of free
speech
Ghana, Mali, Songhay
500-1500 PostClassical: Accelerating
connections
Africa: West and
Central
States that developed as a
result of the trans-Saharan
trade
Ottoman Empire
500-1500 PostClassical: Accelerating
connections
North Africa, Balkans,
Near East, Turkey
Center fo interaction
between the East and West
for 600 years
Clovis culture
Up to 500 BCE
North America
Banda Islands
1450-1750 Early
Modern
Indian Ocean/ Spice
(nutmeg) Islands
Yellow Turban
Rebellion
Classical Era 500BCE – China
500 CE
Earliest widespread culture
of the region. Named for
distinctive spearhead
Dutch aggressively take
control/ locals killed or
enslaved.
Peasant Revolt that helped
being an end to the Han
Dynasty
Vedas
Classical Era 500BCE – India
500 CE
Earliest religious texts in
India. First written down in
600BCEr
Akbar
1450-1750 Early
Modern
India
Mughal Emperor known for
tolerance and inclusion
Wahhabi Islam
1450-1750 Early
Modern
Saudi Arabia
Fulbe
500-1500 PostClassical: Accelerating
connections
Up to 500 BCE
West Africa
Islamic movement that
pushed for a strict following
of Islamic law and an
austere lifestyle
Largest pastoral group of the
region. Adopted Islam and
began to develop new states
Final phase of human
migration. Humans in every
habitable part of earth
1450-1750 Early
Modern
Europe/ Germany
Austronesian
migrations
Martin Luther/
Protestant
Reformation
Pacific Islands/
Madagascar
German priest, 95 Theses
starts massive schism- new
religious concept: salvation
by faith alone.
Ibn Battuta
500-1500 PostClassical: Accelerating
connections
Tang Dynasty
500-1500 PostChina
Classical: Accelerating
connections
Classical Era 500BCE – Byzantine Empire
500 CE
modern day Turkey
Constantinople (est.)
Morocco/Islamic
world
Traveler who created a
detailed written account of
the Islamic world of the 14th
century.
Long ruling dynasty- open to
foreign influence
Established 323 CE
instrumental in the
development of Christianity
in Roman and Byzantine
times
Largest Pre Columbian city
of the Americas 100,000200,000 inhabitants
Han Emperor who started
the Chinese Civil service
system
Early Neolithic settlement
Teotihuacan
Classical Era 500BCE – Mexico
500 CE
Wudi
Classical Era 500BCE – China
500 CE
Catalhuyuk
Up to 500 BCE
Present Day Turkey
Spanish Philippines/
Manila
1450-1750 Early
Modern
Asia
Named after King Phillip II of
Spain, major Christian
missionary effort. Manila =
major trade city by 1600
Abbasid Caliphate
500-1500 PostClassical: Accelerating
connections
Middle east
Zarathustra
Classical Era 500BCE – Persian Empire/
500 CE
Modern day Iran
Family of Caliphs that ruled
the Islamic world as it
fragmented between 750 1258
Persian prophet, founded
Zoroastrianism.
Potosi
1450-1750 Early
Modern
Siddartha Gautama
Classical Era 500BCE – India
500 CE
Ibn Sina
500-1500 PostMiddle East
Classical: Accelerating
connections
Classical Era 500BCE – Europe/Rome
500 CE
Theodosius
Central Andes/Bolivia
Location of the worlds
largest silver mine/ Largest
city in the Americas by 1570
Indian Prince who became
an ascetic/founded
Buddhism
One of the greatest
philosophers and scientists
of the Islamic world.
Roman Emperor made
Christianity official
religion/banned polytheism
Black Death
Pericles
500-1500 PostEurasia
Classical: Accelerating
connections
Classical Era 500BCE – Greece
500 CE
Europe to China
Bubonic plague pandemic
that started in 1331
Influential Athenian
statesman/presided over
Athen’s Golden age
Famous Jesuit missionary to
China
Matteo Ricci
1450-1750 Early
Modern
Mahayana
Classical Era 500BCE – India
500 CE
Aurangzeb
1450-1750 Early
Modern
India
Bantu
Up to 500 BCE
East/Southern Africa
Diffusion (agriculture)
Up to 500 BCE
Global
“Silver drain”
1450-1750 Early
Modern
Europe/China
Teosinte
Up to 500 BCE
Americas
Jericho
Up to 500 BCE
Present day Israel
Very early Neolithic
settlement- 2000 people
Harappa/Mohenjo
Daro
Up to 500 BCE
Indus River
Valley/North West
India
Major cities of the Indus
Valley Civilization/ lacking
King or strong central
authority. 2000 BCE
Ziggurat
Up to 500 BCE
Mesopotamia
Mandate of Heaven
Up to 500 BCE
China
Step pyramid that was
constructed with a temple at
the top
Ideological underpinning of
Chinese Emperors. Rulers
have divine for if they rule
morally. Shang/Zhou
Form of Buddhism that gives
greater power to
“supernatural beings”
Reversed Akbar’s tolerant
stance. Tried to make Islam
supreme religion in India
African language group that
spread due to farming
techniques and iron working
skills
Gradual spread of
agriculture techniques
without population
movement
Siphoning of $ from Europe
to pay for Chinese luxury
goods
The wild ancestor of maize –
Ashoka
Classical Era 500BCE – India
500 CE
Persepolis
Classical Era 500BCE – Persian Empire/
500 CE
Modern day Iran
Han Dynasty
Classical Era 500BCE – China
500 CE
Columbian Exchange
1450-1750 Early
Modern
Americas, Afro
Eurasia,
Phoenicians
Up to 500 BCE
Present day Lebanon
Creators of the first
alphabetic writing system
Olmec
Up to 500 BCE
Gulf of Mexico
Very early civilization.
Known for large stone head
carvings
Justinian
500-1500 PostClassical: Accelerating
connections
Byzantine Empire
Darius I/Cyrus
Classical Era 500BCE – Persian
500 CE
Empire/Modern day
Iran
Herodotus
Classical Era 500BCE – Greece
500 CE
Byzantine emperor who
took back much of the
Western Roman empire and
codified the laws
Cyrus founder, Darius
completed the
establishment of the Persian
Empire
“father of history” explained
the “East/West “divide
Shang Dynasty
Up to 500 BCE
China
Most famous Mauryan
Emperor/converted to
Buddhism
Capital of the Persian
Empire/destroyed by
Alexander the Great
Strong Dynasty (206 BCE –
220CE) based on
Shihuangdi’s state-building
Massive trans-Atlantic
exchange of goods, crops,
people and disease
Very early Chinese dynasty;
1766-1122 BCE