3.1 Changes in weather conditions
experienced by a region over a
long period of time
a) Atmosphere
b) Weather
c) Climate
d) Global Warming
e) Climate Change
3.1 The pattern of weather conditions within
a region over a long period of time
a) Atmosphere
b) Weather
c) Climate
d) Global Warming
e) Climate Change
3.1 An increase in Earth’s average
worldwide temperature
a) Atmosphere
b) Weather
c) Climate
d) Global Warming
e) Climate Change
3.1 The layer of gases that surround the
Earth
a) Atmosphere
b) Weather
c) Climate
d) Global Warming
e) Climate Change
3.1 The conditions of the atmosphere for a
specific place at a specific time
a) Atmosphere
b) Weather
c) Climate
d) Global Warming
e) Climate Change
3.1 Animals have become extinct in the
past due to climate change.
Do you think humans could
become extinct as a
result of climate change.
3.1 Scientists have discovered
Dinosaur fossils in Greenland.
What does this imply about
Greenland’s climate in the past.
3.1 We know Earth’s climate has changed
before. Why are scientists worried about
climate change today?
D – Global Warming
E – Climate Change
A - Atmosphere
C - Climate
Greenland’s climate in the past
must have been warmer
B - Weather
 How fast the temperature is changing
Yes
 Temperature could become too
hot/cold for us
Warmer temperatures could flood the earth
3.1 List 3 examples of how changes
in climate are affecting some
parts of the world.
3.1 About 10 000 years ago there was
between 2-3 km of glacier ice above
Kitchener. Now there is none. Is this an
example of climate or weather change.
3.1 How does warmer average temperature
affect global precipitation patterns?
3.1 How does the Sun’s energy
effect climate?
Explain
3.1 What affect does changing the oceans
acidity (due to the increase of CO2) have on
aquatic life?
3.1
3.1
3.1
Increase in evaporation
Decrease in rain near equators
Increase in rain near poles
Increase in temperature
 Drought at the equator
 Storms becoming more severe
 More precipitation near the poles
Melting of glaciers
Climate Change
It would have been a change over a long
period of time.
The food at the bottom of the food chain dies
off because they can’t make their shells and
the food chain above collapses.

3.2 Flooding and heavy rainfall can affect
human health by creating conditions that are
favourable for
a) climate change
b) disease
c) global
d) migration
e) sea
f) permafrost
g) tropical storms
3.2 “Drunken forests” are forests with trees that
lean, instead of standing vertically. This is caused
by the melting of the ___ layer in arctic soils
a) climate change
b) disease
c) global
d) migration
e) sea
f) permafrost
g) tropical storms
3.2 Melting glaciers add their meltwater to
already rising _____ levels.
a) climate change
b) disease
c) global
d) migration
e) sea
f) permafrost
g) tropical storms
3.2 Climate change is a ______ concern.
a) climate change
b) disease
c) global
d) migration
e) sea
f) permafrost
g) tropical storms
3.2 ___ is the term used to describe when
birds or other species travel south for cold
winter months
a) climate change
b) disease
c) global
d) migration
e) sea
f) permafrost
g) tropical storms
3.2 ____ is a complex process that can
cause both drought and flooding.
a) climate change
b) disease
c) global
d) migration
e) sea
f) permafrost
g) tropical storms
3.2 As ocean water becomes warmer,
_____ become more severe
a) climate change
b) disease
c) global
d) migration
e) sea
f) permafrost
g) tropical storms
3.2 Describe “Land Based”
a) Bleaching
b) West Nile Virus
c) Desertification
d) Aquatic
e) Terrestrial
D - Migration
 B - Disease
A – climate change
F - Permafrost
G – Tropical Storms
E - Sea
E - Terrestrial
C - Global
3.2 Describe “The effect of warm ocean
waters on corals”
a) Bleaching
b) West Nile Virus
c) Desertification
d) Aquatic
e) Terrestrial
3.2 Describe “A mosquito-borne illness that
flourishes in wet, warm conditions and is
harmful to humans”
a) Bleaching
b) West Nile Virus
c) Desertification
d) Aquatic
e) Terrestrial
3.2 Explain why Melting Sea Ice
could have positive and also
negative effects on the environment?
3.2 Describe “Water Based”
a) Bleaching
b) West Nile Virus
c) Desertification
d) Aquatic
e) Terrestrial
3.2 Describe “The spread of deserts”
a) Bleaching
b) West Nile Virus
c) Desertification
d) Aquatic
e) Terrestrial
3.2 What does
coral bleaching indicate?
D - Aquatic
A - bleaching
C - Desertification
B – West Nile Virus
Positive – More shipping lanes, new oil and
natural gas resources
Oceans are getting warmer
Negative – Hunting for Polar Bears, coastal
areas flooding
3.3 Interactions of the ___ and ____
affect climate.
a) Sun , Earth
b) Atmosphere, Hydrosphere
c) Aquatic, terrestrial
Climate, weather
3.3 Something that absorbs and holds
carbon dioxide, for example the oceans.
a) Heat Sink
b) Greenhouse Effect
c) Hydrosphere
d) Carbon Sink
e) Great Ocean Conveyor
f) Solar Energy
3.3 A process in which certain gases in
Earth’s atmosphere absorb heat from the
Sun and heat radiated from Earth’s surface.
a) Heat Sink
b) Greenhouse Effect
c) Hydrosphere
d) Carbon Sink
e) Great Ocean Conveyor
f) Solar Energy
3.3 A huge deep water current system in
which the hydrosphere transfers heat around
the planet..
a) Heat Sink
b) Greenhouse Effect
c) Hydrosphere
d) Carbon Sink
e) Great Ocean Conveyor
f) Solar Energy
3.3 The ___ and ___ affect climate
around the world
3.3 Light and other forms of energy
from the Sun.
a) Heat Sink
b) Greenhouse Effect
c) Hydrosphere
d) Carbon Sink
e) Great Ocean Conveyor
f) Solar Energy
3.3 Something that absorbs and keeps in
heat, for example the atmosphere.
a) Heat Sink
b) Greenhouse Effect
c) Hydrosphere
d) Carbon Sink
e) Great Ocean Conveyor
f) Solar Energy
3.3 All the water in all forms on Earth
including oceans, lakes, rivers, ice, snow,
and water vapour in the atmosphere.
a) Heat Sink
b) Greenhouse Effect
c) Hydrosphere
d) Carbon Sink
e) Great Ocean Conveyor
f) Solar Energy
Atmosphere,
Hydrosphere
A – Sun, Earth
F – Solar Energy
D – Carbon sink
 A – Heat Sink
C - hydrosphere
B – Greenhouse Effect
E – Great Ocean Conveyor
3.3 How does the sun’s energy affect
climate.
3.3
List 2 naturally
occurring greenhouse gases.
a) More energy, hotter, temp increase.
b) More energy, cooler, temp decrease
c) Less energy, hotter, temp increase
Less energy, cooler, temp decrease
3.3 How does earth’s tilt affect climate –
tilted away from sun.
3.3 How does the earth’s
curved surface affect climate.
a) Warmer
b) Cooler
c) Stays the same
Why?
3.3 How does earth’s tilt affect climate –
tilted towards the sun.
a) Warmer
b) Cooler
c) Stays the same
3.3 How does earth’s orbit affect climate –
more circular.
Why?
Why?
3.3 How does earth’s orbit affect
climate – more elliptical.
Why?
3.3 What would happen if the earth
was no longer tilted.
A – more energy, hotter, temperature
increase
 Water vapour
 Carbon dioxide
 Methane
Nitrous oxide
B – cooler
(further and less direct)
Direct sunlight at equator, therefore hotter.
Less direct as we move away from the
equator, therefore cooler
More constant energy,
A – warmer
(closer and more direct)
No seasons,
temperature would depend
on latitude.
Amount of energy changes from close point
on orbit to further point
3.3 What type of greenhouse gas is
produced by bacteria that lives in oceans.
a) Water vapour
b) Carbon Dioxide
c) Methane
d) Nitrous oxide
e) Halocarbons
3.3 What type of greenhouse gas is
produced by car exhausts (2 answers)
a) Water vapour
b) Carbon Dioxide
c) Methane
d) Nitrous oxide
e) Halocarbons
3.3 What type of greenhouse gas is
produced by evaporation.
a) Water vapour
b) Carbon Dioxide
c) Methane
d) Nitrous oxide
e) Halocarbons
3.3 What type of greenhouse gas is
produced by fires and volcanic eruptions.
a) Water vapour
b) Carbon Dioxide
c) Methane
d) Nitrous oxide
e) Halocarbons
3.3 What type of greenhouse gas is
produced by bacteria that lives in the guts of
some animals.
a) Water vapour
b) Carbon Dioxide
c) Methane
d) Nitrous oxide
e) Halocarbons
3.3 What type of greenhouse gas is
produced by refrigeration.
a) Water vapour
b) Carbon Dioxide
c) Methane
d) Nitrous oxide
e) Halocarbons
3.3 What type of greenhouse gas is
produced by rice farming.
a) Water vapour
b) Carbon Dioxide
c) Methane
d) Nitrous oxide
e) Halocarbons
3.3 What type of greenhouse gas is
produced by decaying organisms.
a) Water vapour
b) Carbon Dioxide
c) Methane
d) Nitrous oxide
e) Halocarbons
C - Methane
D – Nitrous oxide
E - Halocarbons
B – Carbon Dioxide
D – Nitrous oxide
C - methane
A – water vapour
B – Carbon Dioxide
B – carbon dioxide
List in order from the least harmful as a
greenhouse gas to the most harmful.
3.4 How does the Earth’s atmosphere work
for our planet in a similar way a greenhouse
works for plants.
a) Methane
b) Nitrous oxide
c) Carbon dioxide
d) Halocarbons
e) Water vapour
E - Water vapour
C - Carbon dioxide
A – methane
B – Nitrous oxide
D - halocarbons
1. Solar energy enter the atmosphere
2. The earth’s surface absorbs some of the
energy and radiates some of this energy
as heat
3. Greenhouse gases in atmosphere
absorbs radiated surface heat
4. Gases radiate the heat back to the earth
3.5 Why do scientists rely on
computer models to help
them develop climate models?
3.5 What is the type of data that needs to be
included in a climate model?
a) Precipitation, date, heat, sea ice
b) Precipitation, heat, solar radiation, sea
ice
c) Precipitation, heat, date, sea ice
Date, heat, solar radiation, sea ice
3.5 Why is it difficult to make climate
projections?
3.5 How will white roofs help
reduce our impact on
climate change?
3.5 Graph predictions
3.5 Graph predictions
Anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions
increase 50% more than predicted by 2010.
Anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions
increase 50% less than predicted by 2010.
Graph will increase/decrease at a
Faster/slower rate
Graph will increase/decrease at a
Faster/slower rate
3.5 Graph predictions
Due to famine in many parts of the world, the
global population only increases half as
much as predicted by 2100.
Temperature will increase/decrease at a
Faster/slower rate
3.5 Graph predictions
Sustainable energy technology is less
advanced by 2100 than expected.
Graph will increase/decrease at a
Faster/slower rate
B – Precipitation, heat,
solar radiation,
sea ice
It is easier to collect large
amounts of data
White roofs reflect solar energy
cooling the planet and cuts
down of air conditioning
reducing greenhouse gases
 Too many variables
Uncertain how natural systems will respond
to change
Increase
slower
Increase
faster
Increase
Faster
Increase
Slower
3.5 Graph predictions
By 2100, government regulations reduce
greenhouse gas emissions 25% more than
expected
3.5 What other existing or new innovation
can you think of that could help
reduce our impact on
d) climate change?
Graph will increase/decrease at a
Faster/slower rate
3.5 What possible problems could
there be converting existing
homes to homes powered by
solar energy?
3.5 What problems could occour
changing black pavement to
white pavement.
.
 Better bicycle
 Clothes lines
New vehicles (hybrid/electric)
 Makes it harder for people to see the
roads
 Have to use more salt in the winter to
eliminate ice
Increase
Slower
 No sunlight, no energy
 Need to take off original materials
 If it snows, you have to take it off