Plant Structure Review
Names:___________________
Working with your partner, complete the worksheet. Look up answers you do not know.
a. anther
_____ 1. a waxy or fatty and watertight layer that covers a plant’s epidermal cells
b. antheridium
_____ 2. a structure in seedless plants that produces eggs
c. archegonium
_____ 3. a structure in seedless plants that produces sperm
d. cotyledon
_____ 4. a horizontal underground stem
e. cuticle
_____ 5. contains a male gametophyte of a seed plant
f. ovule
_____ 6. the part of the sporophyte in which the female gametophyte develops
g. pistil
_____ 7. the transfer of pollen grains from the male to the female reproductive structure
h. pollen grain
_____ 8. Leaf-like structure that is part of a plant embryo
i. pollination
_____ 9. a flower structure that consists of a threadlike filament topped with an anther
j. rhizome
_____ 10. a pollen-producing sac
k. stamen
_____ 11. the female reproductive structure of a flower
_____ 1. blade
a. causes a plant’s stems and roots to thicken
_____ 2. germination
b. permits plants to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide
_____ 3. guard cell
c. one of a pair of specialized cells that open and close the stomata
_____ 4. heartwood
d. the broad, flat portion of a typical leaf
_____ 5. meristem
e. occurs at the tips of stems and roots
_____ 6. mesophyll
f. the non-conducting older wood in a tree trunk
_____ 7. petiole
g. ground tissue found in the center of a dicot stem
_____ 8. phloem
h. a strand that contains both xylem and phloem tissue
_____ 9. pith
i. the beginning of plant growth from a seed or spore
_____ 10. primary growth
j. the part of a tree trunk that is active in transporting water and nutrients
_____ 11. sapwood
k. tissue made of hard-walled cells that transport water and mineral
_____ 12. secondary growth
nutrients
_____ 13. stoma
l. ground tissue found in the center of a leaf
_____ 14. vascular bundle
m. the stalk that attaches a leaf to a plant’s stem
_____ 15. xylem
n. an area of undifferentiated plant cells that are capable of dividing
o. tissue made of soft-walled cells that transport organic nutrients
Complete each statement by writing the correct term in the space provided.
16. A type of tissue called ______________________ tissue forms the protective outer layer of a plant.
17. A type of tissue called ______________________ tissue makes up much of the inside of the non-woody
parts of a plant.
18. A type of tissue called ______________________ tissue functions in the transport of materials and the
support of a plant.
Classifying
Biologists have classified nonvascular plants, seedless vascular plants, and seed plants based on
structural features and patterns of reproduction, many of which are listed below.
In columns 1–4, place a check mark in the boxes for the features and patterns found in each type of plant.
1. e
2. c
3. b
4. j
5. h
6. f7. i8. d9. k10. a11. g
1. d
2. i
3. c
4. f
5. n
6. l
7. m
8. o
9. g 10. e 11. j 12. a 13. b 14. h 15. k 16. dermal 17. ground 18. vascular