Cell Transport, Photosynthesis, Cellular Respiration
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Name: _________________________ Date: ______ Period: ___
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Big Question:
Cells obtain food, oxygen and other substances from their environment. They also release waste materials
into their environment. A cell membrane acts like a window screen allowing certain things to enter or
leave the cell while keeping other things outside or inside the cell. Some substances such as water pass
easily through the cell membrane. Other substances such as glucose enter the cell only with the help of
transport molecules in the cell membrane. During photosynthesis, carbon dioxide and water enter the cell
and combine in the chloroplast to produce glucose and oxygen. During cellular respiration, glucose
molecules enter the cell and are broken down mainly in the mitochondria to produce energy for the cell.
I) Passive Transport: The movement of substances through the cell
membrane without the use of cellular energy.
1. Diffusion: When molecules move from areas where there are
more of them (high concentration) to areas where there are
fewer of them (low concentration). Diffusion is the main way
that small molecules move across the cell membrane. The
random movement of molecules is why diffusion happens.
Diffusion happens in liquids and gasses.
2. Osmosis: The diffusion of water through the cell membrane.
Osmosis provides the primary means by which water is
transported into the cell. Water is needed by the cell to conduct
many of its chemical reactions and to keep its shape.
II) Active Transport: The movement of substances through the cell
membrane with the use of cellular energy.
Active transport involves special proteins called transport
proteins within the cell membrane. Active transport happens when
the amount of a substance inside the cell is already higher than the
amount of the substance outside the cell.
III) Photosynthesis: Plants and some other organisms make their own
food through the process of photosynthesis. In the chloroplast, the
energy of sunlight is used to convert carbon dioxide (CO2) and
water (H2O) into glucose (C6H12O6) and oxygen (O2). Plant cells
use some of the sugar to obtain energy using cellular respiration
(see below). Excess sugar is changed to other compounds such as
starches and stored. When we eat food such as carrots or potatoes
we are eating the plant’s stored food. The chemical reaction of
photosynthesis is:
6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy → C6H12O6 + 6O2
IV) Cellular Respiration: In the mitochondrion glucose combines
with oxygen that we breathe in to produce energy. The products of
respiration are carbon dioxide and water which we breathe out. The
type of energy produced in cellular respiration is in the form of a
molecule called ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate). Both plant and
animal cells do cellular respiration. The chemical reaction of
cellular respiration is:
C6H12O6 + 6O2→ 6CO2 + 6H2O + 38 ATP
Rev: 2/8/2016
Cell Transport, Photosynthesis, Cellular Respiration
1.
In the process of photosynthesis, plants use the
energy in ________________________________
to make food.
2.
True or False? Besides the energy in sunlight,
the cell needs water and carbon dioxide to make
glucose.
3.
Circle the letter of each product of
photosynthesis.
a. water
b. carbon dioxide
c. oxygen
d. sugar
4.
Write the chemical equation for the process of
photosynthesis:
Write the chemical equation for the process of
cellular respiration:
6.
Cells create energy in the form of
____________________.
Moving materials through a cell membrane
without using energy is called _______________
transport.
5.
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
7.
In diffusion, molecules move from an area of
_______________________concentration to an
area of ____________________concentration.
8.
9.
Circle the letter of how water moves in osmosis.
a. across a cell membrane
b. to areas where there is more water
10. Cells use energy to move substances through the
cell membrane in _________________transport.
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Mini-Essay (10 pts) Read, Understand, and Answer: Suppose a volcano threw so much ash into the
air that it blocked most of the sunlight that usually strikes the earth. How might this affect the
ability of animals to obtain food? Explain using the concepts of photosynthesis and cellular
respiration.
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Self: 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Other: 10 9 8 7 6
5 4 3 2 1 0
Honest and fair self-evaluation helps you improve.
You are evaluating the work of the person
NOT the person.
If your handwriting is hard to read, maximum score is 5. You can type your essay and paste in the space.
Rev: 2/8/2016