Wood-fired biomass power plant with power generation
Furnace
brand Cyco Combuster
Type SDF 100
Capacity 7,500,000 Kcal / hr
Combustion Capacity 2000KG / hour wood
1000kg / hour household waste
Beel Industrial Boilers boiler brand
Type Minster
Steam Capacity 8.5 t / hr
Steam pressure 13 bar
5690 KW Power
Turbo genset
type
Turbodyne Dresser Rand
520 KW electrical power
Condenser
type
Alfa Laval AK 20 FM
FuelGasFilter
type
cloth filter BMD SL GTF
This is rounded off with economiser, feed pumps, condensate tank, central switchboard, water softener, fireplace,
3 heaters, a shipping container, etc.
1. DESCRIPTION OF THE SYSTEM
General
The here described, offered power plant is designed for burning household waste,
wood and plastic, released by the division of construction and waste, which also
omhuis it possible to burn waste, including eight in particular the relationship between wood and household waste
The system is designed as a so-called islanding.
Part of the heat released in steam will be used to heating the
buildings.
The installation is composed of discrete, standardized components, which are
integrated into a complete system. These standard units include
Cyco formed by the combustor, boiler, condensing turbine generator,
condenser and flue gas cleaning unit.
Operation of the installation (see drawing)
Construction and waste wood can be invoked via a conveyor into the buffer hopper,
which has a capacity of about 4 m3. The ash hopper
dimensioned such that its content is sufficient for the regulation of
combustor to absorb. Via a conveyor, according to the
need to steam the wood into the combustor Cyco conducted where it is burned. The
household waste is from a separate storage silo via a screw conveyor to houtbed
invoked, this screw is adjusted so that the ratio between the wood
and household waste will have a pre-calculated value that ensures a good combustion.
Associated with odor nuisance is the feeder system of household waste closed out, only
the band is contact with the environment occurs, even necessary to the operation and relationship
of things to fix.
Vla an adjustable chute is the waste in the primary chamber of the combustor Cyco.
The Cyco combustor SDF100 * is designed to be offered
fuel quantity can process and can generate enough heat to meet
steam demand. In the primary combustion chamber in principle be implemented as a
rectangular space, with a trough with grate and below the ash conveyor, will
a process of gasification of the fuel site.
Injected via a primary air compressor also acts of fluidization
the ash bed, making a complete burnout of the waste he maximum retention time is
obtained.
The gases pass vertically through the ash layer where fuel bed and then subsequently
air is supplied again; The gases are mixed with the air and
creates a further combustion of these gases. They then enter tangentially into the
secondary combustion chamber, where, with the addition of tertiary air completely
burn. The shape of the secondary combustion chamber and the method of
enter a rotation of the gas flame, it is like a hot cyclone formed
hence the name Cyclonic combustor.
By mixing air and gas is a complete combustion takes place and
maximum combustion temperatures are reached, depending on whose fuel can
up to 2000 C.
Due to the difference in density between the cold air and hot flue gases, will the
outside of the flame (= inner mantle sec. combustion chamber), a cold air skin
achieved, in which particles centrifuged cool. Vla an inspection / cleaning hatch
these particles are periodically removed.
The Cyco combustor is controlled by sensors and a PLC unit. The supply of primary,
secondary and tertiary combustion air is regulated with respect to the fuel supply, so that
(Preset) maximum, optimal combustion conditions are maintained. The
fuel is set to a signal from the boiler system and is carried out through a
signaling to the infeed conveyor.
The hot flue gases from the combustion are then placed in the furnace of a
3-pass boiler sucked. In this boiler the flue gases cool off in the furnace, second and third
Pull Pipes, giving off heat to the water in the boiler, whereby the steam
generated. The steam leaves the boiler through the main valve to the steam turbine;
condensate / feedwater custard a boiler feed pump pressure on the boiler
fed. The three-component system controls the boiler water level in the boiler relative
steam and water supply and drainage: the power to regulate.
By increasing the steam-pressure steam will decrease and this signal serves as
power signal for the combustor / power band. The boiler, sufficient to meet the test
the Stoomwezen is equipped with the necessary accessories, such as sight glasses, purge and
vent valves, main steam valve, safety valves and level control for the electrodes and
security. Through bolted inspection doors is cleaning the interior of the pipe bundles
possible. Of the turbine / condenser returning condensate via a buffer
(Hot-well) to the boiler pumped back to the extent necessary to make up water treatment
(Softening).
The steam through a pipe from the boiler to the turbine. This single stage
turbine expands steam from a higher to a lower pressure release of energy.
The turbine drives through a transmission, the generator, where the electrical energy
generated. The turbine is equipped with a TG 13 Governor for speed control and security.
The bearings are a sealed lubrication system, equipped with water cooling. The
turbine [s designed for outdoor use, and consists essentially of:
- The turbine housing 4 "inlet and 12" outlet flange, divided horizontally;
- Curtis the single stage turbine rotor blades mounted on two points;
- The TG 13 Governor, overspeed and local beveillging triphef tree;
- Bearings with oil lubrication and coolers and seal.
The driven generator is a 4-pole induction generator, 50 Hz, 380 V, 1500 rpm,
630 kVA for islanding.
Between the turbine and generator is a high revving gearbox with forced
oil cooling / lubrication, so the turbine speed down to 1500 rpm.
An oil lubrication system completes this turbine generator, which is in a frame
assembled into a complete unit.
The cooled flue gases leave the boiler in an off-gas
purified, to ensure that environmental requirements in the permit are met.
Dust is trapped in a so-called vibrating vane electrostatic filter, with a
spraying device to the plates clean. When gaseous pollutants are
the molecules are electrically charged, "the structure of the molecule is changed so that
to meet emission standards (NOx and SOx breakup) and also enter a
improvement by washing with chemicals. The spray water is recirculated, and pH
controlled, solid particles are trapped in a sieve. Through a 15 meters (above
surface) high chimney flue gases leaving the Plant, which chimney
provide a measure of: performing emission measurements by third parties. Moreover,
Some instruments placed out in the framework of the permit
prescribed.
The low pressure stream which leaves the turbine is fed to a condenser where the
heat is released to the cooling water. For heating, the heat
free as water of approximately C go through a pump to transport the
convection heating in buildings.
The cooled water is returned to the system.
The tension cables of the generator are fed to a central
Control box / panel. It is also the scheme for voltage and
frequency, this according to the attached schedule. D [t switch panel will be linked
the main distribution of the PEN, so that power available for starting
of the installation.
The ash (slag) from the primary combustion chamber of the combustor, condoned, by a
Screw conveyor fed from the combustor. From this point, over half outflow
This screw conveyor shaft in a single container to be conducted. The amount will
depend on the ash content: the fuel.
The whole system is shown on the attached diagram Fig 1 and consists basically of
The following standard 7 main components:
1. Cyco combustor system (A)
2. Boiler unit (B)
3. Steam turbine generator (C)
4. Condenser (D)
5. Central control panel and main distribution (E)
6. Flue gas treatment unit (F)
The generation capacity of 520 kW is achieved at an incineration capacity of approximately
2000 kg / hour of wood and 1000 kg / hour household waste.
The plant is designed for continuous operation at full load and 98% of full load.
For 1 hour is an overload of 10% (= 570 kW). The frequency
Rules on voltage is + / - 2 Hz to 50 Hz and full load it + or - 5 Hz at 10%
overload. The average settlement during normal operation is continuous or - 2 Hz.
The installation is suitable for outdoor setting at temperatures from - 15 C to + 45 C and
protected again performed.
2. General
The plant is supplied as a modular package and consists of six 'modules' and a 'package'
general components, and working along the following description:
2.1 Module 1: Cyco combustor
2.1.1 One (1) Cyco combustor type SDF 100
This according to sketch. The combustor consists of the primary
combustion chamber, rectangular in shape, with a grid
including a astrechter, all made of 304 stainless steel, the addition
cylindrical secondary combustion chamber and the connecting channel
between the two combustion chambers, also made of steel 304. Both
combustion chambers are mounted in a casing humps made of
normal carbon steel.
2.1.2 The air supply system comprising a primary air fan drive, the piping and nozzles supply air into the
combustion chamber, the air valves
secondary and tertiary air actuators.
2.1.3 The automatic ash discharge conveyor chain comprising a solid, top
In the primary combustion chamber, with drive and output tray.
2.1.4 The induced draft fan motor.
2.1.5 The feed belt drive motor and with filler, including support.
2.1.6 The thermal insulation of the whole combustor with exterior siding.
2.2 Module 2: Steam Boiler Unit
One (1) 'Minster' boiler 8.5 t / h steam, 12 bar, complete with boiler feed pump,
boiler accessories, high and low water protection, as required by the Stoomwezen.
2.3 Module 3: turbo genset
One (1) reciprocally complete turbine generator set, equipped with a pressure
steam turbine type 701 T (Dresser-Rand), speed reduction drive, and an oil lubrication system
Newage International, generator, type B 364 W Vibration Fri mounted on a frame.
2.4 Module 4: Condenser
One (1) Alfa Laval Ak-20-FM with steam heat exchangers, condensate and
process connections.
2.5 Module S: Regulation
One (1) detached single interface with entertainment and power connections
Power distribution, phase, steam-, voltage and frequency identification and kwh meter.
Designed as a dual circuit system with automatic secure "Fall Safe" control.
This panel also housed the damper system, the sensor converters for
Cyco combustor and the boiler system, PLC controlled.
2.6 Module 6: Flue gas cleaning plant
2.6.1 One (1) AES 2000 vibrating vane type of emission control system, comprising
an electrostatic filter for removing dust and heavy metals, see
attached general description.
2.6.2 One (1) electronic gas and vapor filter for the removal of gaseous
Contamination
2.6.3 One (1) circulating wash system with pH control and sedimentation tanks
2.6.4 Temperature - / gas equipment
Item 1
1 (a) pieces 02 and CO analyzer
Manufacturer:. Ametek ThermoX Instruments Inc..
Model: WDG-HPIIC
Power supply: 220Vac / 50Hz
Range: 0-20% 02
0-2000 ppm combustibles (CO + H2)
Alarms: February 2 combustibles and two alarms
Output: 4-20 mA (2x)
Maximum flue gas temp.: 704 C with 316 SS probe
1020 C with 253 mA probe
02 Combustibles
-------------------------------------------------- -----------------
Accuracy + / -2% + / - 5%
Repeatability + / - 0.2% + / -2%
Response time 16 sec. 25 sec.
The system consists of:
A) A sensor unit suitable for mounting directly on the stack. The
sensor is mounted in a heated and insulated stainless steel cabinet in which all
the flue gas in contact with parts above 225 C heated.
The filter probe the convection loop to make the system suitable for
incinerator exhaust gases from a timber.
Probe material: 316 SS or 253 mA.
b) A transmitter unit suitable for wall or panel mounting.
Ambient temperature: - 18 to 49 C.
Item 2
1 (a) pieces Miniature Hybrid Recorder
Manufacturer: Tracor Westronics
Model: 1560
* For 4 channels (max 6)
- 2 channel thermocouple (type J, K, T, etc.)
- 2 channel 4-20 mA dc
Print alarms, date and time along with writing the channels
plain paper.
Paper Width: 100 mm
Paper Speed: 1910 to 1200 mm / hr
Power supply: 220 VAC/50 Hz
DIN dimensions: 144 x 144 mm
2.6.5 An induced draft fan motor.
2.6.6 One (1) chimney, getuid, up to 15 meters to the surface courts, with
a blunt receivers for measuring emission measurements.
2.7 Not included in delivery
- Reduction Installation and storage respectively. flow to the combustor of the waste
- Disposal of ash from the combustor.
- Supply of water, power.
- Drain to grid, distribution and linking to decreasing machinery.
- Civil works,
- Emission measurements for County (license verification), except for the first measurements.
- Depiction of installation.
3. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
3.1 Module 1: Cyco combustor.
Type SDF 100
Cont. Capacity 7,500,000 Kcal / hr
Fuel wood, board, chipboard
Incineration 2000Kg / hr wood
1000kg/hr household waste
Timber supply operation manual / automatic
Ash removal method of automatic / electric
Combustor operation automatically
Electric included
Power 2.9 KW at full load
3.2 Module 2: Steam Boiler Unit
Steam Capacity 8.5 t / h
C. Steam pressure 12 bar
Manufacturer Beel industrial boilers PLC
Type Minster
5690 KW Power
Length 7040mm.
Width 3590mm.
Height
Max. weight, filled with
Water 40730 KG
Transport weight 21815 KG
3.3 Module 3: Turbo-qenset
520 kW electrical power
Steam Consumption 8.5 t / h
Steam pressure 12 bar entrance
Taxable 98% continuous full load
Overload protection automatically switch off after 1 hour
Frequency Control average 1%, 3% overload
Voltage 380 Volts
Phase 3 + + Ground Zero
3.4 Module 4: Condenser
Manufacturer Alfa - Laval
Type AK 20 - FM, plate capacitor
Continuous load
3.5 Module 5: Central Control
Manufacturer AES
Type A-501-M
Capacity of 520 KW
Voltage 380 Volts
Frequency 50 Hz
24 volt control voltage is equal
Response to signals from 0.25 to 1.5 seconden
Double safety / fail system
Overload 570 KW
Overload Protection 0.5 KW to 570 KW