Latin II_Honors.Q1&2.Semester Exam Study Guide
1. Vocabulary:
a. Focus on all assigned vocabulary from Chapters 25-36 (all dictionary info + Word Study)
b. English derivatives of assigned vocabulary words
c. Idioms such as quō mōdō, castra pōnere/movēre, various rēs idioms, bellum gerere, multā
nocte, posterō annō, diē constitūtā, iter facere, mille passūs v. (number) mīlia passuum,
etc. and other information contained in each chapter’s Word Study section
2. Grammar: forms, multiple choice, fill in the blank, true/false
a. Conjugate verbs in all FOUR conjugations, including 3rd –IO:
i. Indicative forms of regular verbs in all SIX tenses, both ACTIVE & PASSIVE voice
ii. Imperative forms: present active, singular and plural
iii. Infinitive forms: present active (“to _____”) and passive (“to be _____ed”)
iv. Conceptual understanding of deponent verbs (look passive, are active)
b. Conjugate irregular verbs or normal verbs with some irregularities:
i. sum, esse and its compounds (adsum, absum, etc.)
ii. possum, posse (also a compound of sum)
iii. defective verb inquam
iv. (including irregular imperatives of dūcere, facere, dīcere, and ferre)
c. Decline:
i. 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th declension nouns, including 3rd I-stem nouns, M&F and N
ii. 2-1-2 and 3rd declension adjectives (of any of the three degrees) in agreement with
nouns of any declension
iii. Demonstrative Pronoun/Adjective (hic, haec, hoc; ille, illa, illud; is, ea, id, +
manage new/other pronouns following the same or mostly the same pattern, such as
iste, īdem, ipse…)
iv. Personal Pronoun (ego; tū; nōs; vōs; is, ea, id)
v. Relative Pronoun / Interrogative Adjective (quī, quae, quod)
vi. Interrogative Pronoun (quis, quid)
d. Topics for questions
i. Cases and constructions
1. Study full list on p. 183-184 + other uses taught in class (see notes)
2. Constructions covered this semester: Dative with Special Adjectives;
Ablatives (Comparison, Degree of Difference, Time When, Time Within
Which, Separation, Cause); Accusatives (Duration of Time, Extent of Space,
Predicate), Genitives (Objective, of the Whole/Partitive)
ii. Pronouns:
1. Enclitic –cum with mē/nōbīs, tē/vōbīs, quō/quā/quibus
2. Personal Pronouns: partitive versus objective genitive plural forms
3. Relative Pronouns
a. Use and translation of the relative clause
b. Relationship of Antecedent to relative pronoun
4. Interrogative Adjectives versus Pronouns
iii. Partitives
1. Genitive of the Whole/Partitive Genitive – nihil, paulum, plūs, satis,
quis/quid, mīlia, multī, pars, quīdam, superlative adjectives, etc.
2. Prepositional Partitives or Partitive “Ablative” after a Preposition – cardinal
numbers (e.g. unus, duō, trēs, etc.), paucī, multī
3. Some words have “of” in their English meaning but do not need partitive
constructions: reliquus, omnis, medius, summus, infimus/īmus, extrēmus
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Latin II_Honors.Q1&2.Semester Exam Study Guide
iv. Infinitives: present active and passive
1. Complementary Infinitives
a. with the verbs possum and other verbs: debeō, dubitō (as “hesitate”)
b. completes the action of the main verb
2.
3.
Subjective Infinitives – *students should be able to handle these in translation
a. the infinitive as a verbal noun and is the subject of another verb, often esse
b. the infinitive being a verbal noun can still take an object
Infinitives with Accusative Subject / “Objective” Infinitives – *students should be able to
handle these in translation
a. with the verbs iubeō, vetō and sometimes prohibeō, cogō and rogō
b. accusative subject of the infinitive (whom you order, forbid, etc.)
v. Comparison of Adjectives
1. English translations of the positive, comparative and superlative degrees
2. Rules of Formation:
a. Regular comparisons – the default rule
b. Alternative comparisons – the -ER adjectives, the “SEX”ILIS
adjectives, the -IUS/EUS adjectives
c. Irregular comparisons – vid. specific vocabulary p. 199
d. Defective comparisons – lacking a form for one of the degrees, vid.
p. 199, incl. senex and multus (singular and plural)
3. Statements of Comparison
a. Use of Quam with both items in the same case
b. Ablative of Comparison with item #1 in the Nom. or Acc. case
c. Ablative degree of difference, including with words multō and
paulō and other terms of measurement (e.g. “three feet” or “six
hours”)
vi. Comparison of Adverbs
1. Formation from the forms of the different degrees of adjectives
2. Comparison of saepe, diū
3. Ablative of degree of difference may also apply in such a statement
4. Quam + the superlative adverb = “as __________(ly) as possible”
a. Applies to all types of superlative adverbs, including irregulars such
as primum
b. Distinguish other uses of quam (exclamatory, relative pronoun,
statement of comparison)
3. Reading Comprehension, Grammatical Analysis and Translation: written translation, multiple
choice, fill in the blank, true/false
a. Adapted stories from Chapters 30-36
b. Adapted stories from other sources distributed and translated in class
c. Adapted stories from other sources “at sight”
d. Latin Sentences
i. Sentences taken exactly from or based on Exercises in Chapters 25-36
ii. Sentences presented to you “at sight” using vocabulary from Chapters 1-36;
additional vocabulary will be glossed
4. Culture (source for extra credit section)
a. Cultural, mythological and historical content learned from stories we have read in class (e.g.
Deification of Romulus, Laocoon and the Trojan Horse, Nisus and Euryalus, Myrmidons,
Labors of Hercules, etc.)
b. Any cultural material presented through videos or special readings this year
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