Sexually Transmitted Infections Lecture
PARASITIC-infestation
Symptoms
Treatment
Long term risks
Pubic Lice, aka- Crabs, are a strain
of lice found in pubic hair. The lice
crawl on the skin and lay eggs on
the hairs. Lice are spread by skin to
skin contact or through sharing
infected clothes or linens
Scabies are tiny mites that burrow
into the skin of an infected person.
Scabies are spread by skin to skin
contact.
Trichonomiasis, aka “trick”, is
caused by a protozoan, a single
celled animal that is a little larger
than a bacterium. Males with no
symptoms can give the disease to
others.
Pubic lice can
cause intense
itching in the pubic
area. May see small
red and white dots
in area.
Scabies can cause
intense itching in
the infected are
(folds of the skin).
Females: itching in
genital area;
discharge from the
vagina
Males: usually no
symptoms
Mediated shampoo can kill the
lice. Infected individuals must
wash clothes and bed linens in hot
water to kill any remaining lice
and their eggs.
Skin damage can occur
Medication can kill mites. Infected
individuals must wash clothes and
bed linens in hot water to kill any
remaining mites and their eggs.
It can be cured with a prescribed
medicine.
Skin damage can occur
BACTERIAL – Curable!
And protected by condoms
up top and below
Symptoms
Treatment
Chlamydia, aka-“clap”
infects the reproductive
organs and causes mucous
discharge; it can also infect
the throat. Highest rates
found in 15-19 yr. olds.
There are more new cases
than any other STD in the
US each year.
80 have NO Symptoms
Females: pain during urination; vaginal
discharge or bleeding; pelvic pain
Males: pain during urination; discharge
from the penis.
Both partner take
antibiotics at the same
time; abstain from sex
for 7-14 days.
Gonorrhea infects mucous
membranes, including
genital and oral membranes.
Eye drops are given at birth
to prevent passing to
newborns during delivery.
60% = NO symptoms
Female: 80% NO symptoms; pain
during urination, vaginal discharge or
bleeding, pain in the abdomen or
pelvic area.
Male: pain during urination, discharge
from the penis.
Syphilis causes ulcers or
chancres (blister like
bumps) on the privates or in
the throat. Can be spread
through the blood,
damaging the nervous
system and other organs.
Phase 1: 10-90 days after exposure/
painless ulcer where the bacteria
entered the body.
Phase 2: 2-8 weeks after infection>
fever, rash, swollen lymph nodes, joint
pain, muscle aches.
Phase 3: 2 or more years after
infection> heart/ nervous system
damage, including blindness and loss
of mental abilities; possible death.
Both partners take
antibiotics at the same
time. NO sex for 7-14
days. Becoming more
difficult to treat
because the bacteria
have become
antibiotic resistant.
Both partners take
antibiotics at the same
time. If treated in the
earlier stages it can be
curable.
Female: bladder and
urethral infections, and
premature birth in
pregnant women
Males: inflamed urethra
Long term risks
Multiple exposures can
lead to prostate cancer
Females: infertility;
pelvic pain; ectopic
pregnancy; PID (pelvic
inflammatory disease).
Males: can injure
reproductive organs;
swollen and tender
testicles.
Infants of infected
mothers: illness;
blindness.
Females: PID; ectopic
pregnancies; infertility.
Males: scarring of
urethra (difficult
urination); painful
swelling of testicles;
infertility.
Mental and physical
disabilities; premature
death;
Infants of infected
mothers: premature
birth; severe mental
disabilities; deafness;
death
VIRAL- For Life
Symptoms
HPV-Human papiloma
virus is caused by a group of
viruses that can cause genital
warts and cervical cancer in
women. HPV accounts for
more STD cases than any
other in the US.
Often NO symptoms.
Females: genital and anal warts
(pink or reddish warts that
appear on the genitals or mucous
membranes; abnormal pap
smear.
Males: genital and anal warts.
May not be visible if in the
urethra.
HSV-1: cold sores and fever
blisters around the mouth.
HSV-2: very mild symptoms or
no symptoms; red bumps,
blisters and recurrent sores on or
around the genitals; fever with
first infection; swollen lymph
nodes.
Jaundice (yellowing of the skin);
tiredness and muscle aches;
fever; loss of appetite; darkening
of the urine.
Genital Herpes is caused by
Herpes simplex virus one and
two. Can be passed to
newborns if mother delivers
with genital sores.
Hepatitis is an inflammation
of the liver. Both Hep B and
Hep C are life threatening
forms of hepatitis. Occurs
during unprotected sex and
sharing of drug straws used
while snorting drugs.
HIV (Human-ImmunoDeficiency virus) infects cells
of the immune system and
causes AIDS. HIV is passed
by exchange of infected
bodily fluids- usually blood,
semen, vaginal secretions; or
breast milk. Exchange usually
occurs during sexual activity
or by sharing drug needles.
Treatment:
Phase 1 (initial exposure to ten
years or more): fatigue; weight
loss; fever; diarrhea
Phase 2: Phase 1 symptoms;
swollen lymph nodes;
forgetfulness; difficulty thinking.
Phase 3: weakened immune
system; opportunistic infections;
weight loss.
Phase 3 weakened immune
system; infections; weight loss.
19 million new cases of STI’s each year in the US.
>>>>>
Long term risks
There is no cure.
Warts can be treated by
surgical removal,
freezing, or medication
but will often return.
Females: higher risk of
developing cervical
cancer with certain
types of HPV.
There is NO CURE.
Antiviral medications can
shorten outbreaks and
reduce their frequency.
An infected person
remains infected for life.
Newborns of infected
mothers: infections of
liver, brain, skin, eyes,
and mouth; death
There is NO Cure for
Hepatitis B or C.
Individuals with severe
liver damage may need a
liver transplant. A
vaccine is available to
prevent Hep B , but no
vaccine exists for Hep C.
There is NO cure for
HIV.
A combination of drugs
can delay the start of
serious symptoms.
Liver damage
Liver failure
Liver cancer
Premature death.
Weight loss
Malnutrition
Loss of mobility
Opportunistic infections
(such as pneumonia and
tuberculosis).
Cancer
Premature death.
68% are contracted by people under 24 year olds
Reproductive System for females under 25 is not fully matured and more vulnerable to contracting STI’s when exposed:
- Cervical wall is very thin, porous and moist (easier for STI’s to stick to thin porous tissue on inside of teenager to
do harm and make them sick.)
THAT IS WHY MAJORITY OF NEW STI’s EACH YEAR INFECT UNDER 24 YEAR OLDS.
How do you AVOID getting an STI? >>> ABSTINENCE-DON’T HAVE SEX! Use condoms! Minimize partners!
What do you do when you are sexually active or show warning signs of an STD? Get Yourself Tested!
If the doctor tells you you have an STD what should you do?
Take your medicines ----- Stop having sex for 7-14 days ----- Tell your partner(s)
Being sexually active leads to: pregnancy, temporary infections, lifetime disease exposure, as well as,
STRESS involving social stigma and emotional strife!