ESCI 350
Test Assignment
Cole Hintz
ANSWER KEY
CONCEPTS:
Evolution, Natural Selection, Variation
& Speciation
LEGEND:
KNOWLEDGE QUESTIONS
UNDERSTANDING QUESTIONS
Difficulty: 1 – 3 with (1) being the easiest, (2) being moderate and (3) greatest difficulty
EXAMPLE:
Natural selection is: (1)
A) not necessary for evolution to occur
B) a key mechanism responsible for evolution
C) an idea without much evidence
D) not capable of producing any changes
Name: ________________________
Multiple Choice – circle the correct answer (
/8)
Natural selection is: (1)
E) not necessary for evolution to occur
F) a key mechanism responsible for evolution
G) an idea without much evidence
H) not capable of producing any changes
Natural selection works because: (1)
A)
B)
C)
D)
there is variation within a species
Charles Darwin says it does
organisms can control this process
members of a species are all the same
New species can be produced when there is variation along with: (2)
A)
B)
C)
D)
no barriers exist
an isolation event
species death
mental stress
This diagram is an example of: (1)
A)
B)
C)
D)
homologous structures
heterozygous traits
amphibian limbs
analogous structures
The image showing changes in a butterfly population over time is an example of ___________: (2)
A)
B)
C)
D)
extinction
punctuated equilibrium
genetic bottleneck
gradualism
Name: ________________________
The Tree of Life depicts evolutionary ______________ (1)
A)
B)
C)
D)
processes
theory
phylogenies
traits
Continental drift could have played a role in speciation by: (2)
A)
B)
C)
D)
creating a post-mating barrier
creating a post-zygotic barrier
creating an extinction event
creating a pre-mating barrier
Mules don’t reproduce because of __________. (2)
A)
B)
C)
D)
hybrid inviability
pre-zygotic barriers
hybrid sterility
gametic isolation
True or False – mark a T for True or F for False ( /4)
__T__ Fitness is an organism’s ability to pass on its genetic information to the next generation. (1)
__F__ Natural selection will produce the strongest, best adapted offspring. (2)
__T__ Farmers use selective breeding to produce the physical traits they desire in their crops. (1)
__F__ Evolution can produce drastic changes in a very short time. (1)
Name: ________________________
Matching – Match the image with the scientific concept that best describes it. ( /5)
(1)
Punctuated Equilibrium
Analagous Structures
Variation
Allopatric Speciation
Punctuated Equilibrium
Sympatric Speciation
Analogous Structures
Allopatric Speciation
Variation
Sympatric Speciation
Name: ________________________
Short Answer ( /9)
Describe two different ways that a new species may be produced over time. ( /4) (1)
Why is sex important for natural selection? ( /2) (2)
Sex is important because it is an important source of variation and variation is important for natural
selection.
Provide 3 examples of ways that we use selective breeding to benefit ourselves and our society. ( /3)
(2)
Farming (crop resistance, crop traits), Dog breeds, Domesticated livestock, Wildlife management, etc.
Name: ________________________
Long Answer ( /10)
Bacteria are capable of reproducing very rapidly
compared to large organisms. Apply what you know
about the process of natural selection and evolution to
explain why drug companies constantly have to produce
new antibiotics to fight harmful bacteria. [Include:
natural selection, resistance, variation, fitness, time,
genes] (2)
Important points:
-
natural selection occurs over time
bacteria produce rapidly so changes occur quicker
within a population there is variation
some bacteria have genes for a particular resistance
when a new drug is introduced the relative fitness of resistant bacteria increases
genes for resistance are passed on to the next generation
natural selection continues to occur with resistant bacteria having a higher fitness
these points are synthesized and tied to each other