Biology Unit 1 Review
Flashcards
How many Domains are there?
Name them
3
Bacteria, Archae, Eukarya
How many Kingdoms are there?
6
Name them
Eubacteria, Archaebacteria,
Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia
What is Taxonomy?
System of naming/classifying
Who was the “Father of Taxonomy?”
Linneaus
What system did he create to help name
species?
Binomial Nomenclature
What is binomial nomenclature?
What language is used?
2 name (part) naming system
Latin
What 2 parts are in the binomial
nomenclature?
Genus species
How would you write our genus and species?
Linnaeus had ______ number of taxonomic
categories in his classification system
Name them
Homo sapiens
Capitalize the first name, not the second
7
Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family,
Genus, Species
(King Phillip came over for good soup)
Linnaeus originally had 2 kingdoms before
creating 7. What were the 2 kingdoms?
Plant & Animal
Our modern system has ______ number of
taxonomic categories
8
Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order,
Family, Genus, Species
(Dumb King Phillip came over for good soup)
What is the main definition of a species?
Must be able to reproduce and produce fertile
offspring.
Classes
As you go down the taxonomy levels, you have
more of classes in a phylum than kingdoms
(Numbers are not exact; just examples)
Does the category Phylum have more classes or
kingdoms in it?
Why do we classify organisms?
Give 4 reasons
What is a taxon?
What do these organisms have in common?
Canis Familiaris
Canis latrans
Canis lupus familiaris
Traditional “Classic” classification is based on
__________________ characteristics.
3 Domains
6 Kingdoms
36 Phylums
1000’s Classes
10,000’s Orders
100,000’s Families
Millions of Genuses
Billions of Species
Universal
Organization
For studying
Relationships
A group at any level of a classification
(taxonomy) system
They are from the same Genus but different
species.
Physical Characteristics
Early classification systems used this
Evolutionary classification is based on
__________________ characteristics.
Evolutionary Characteristics (ancestors)
Molecular classification (Clock) is based on
__________________ characteristics.
DNA
What are prokaryotes?
No Nucleus or membrane bound organelles
inside them
What are eukaryotes?
Has Nucleus and membrane bound organelles
What are autotrophs?
Give example
They can make their own food.
Plants = Photosynthesis
What are extremophiles?
They cannot make their own food.
Animals (Humans), Fungi (Mushrooms), some
Protista (Paramecium)
Organisms (bacteria) that can withstand
extreme environmental conditions such as
heat, cold, no oxygen. Original organisms on
Earth (think Archae means “OLD”))
What Kingdom are they from?
Archaebacteria
What is a Dichotomous Key?
What is a Cladogram?
A two part system to identify an organism
1a/b; 2 a/b; 3 a/b etc.
It uses derived characteristics to create a map
to identify organisms ancestry
Many species have different common names in
different regions of the country or region.
Give an example:
Puma
Mountain Lion
Cougar
What are heterotrophs?
Give example
Domains Archae and Bacteria have what
similar features?
Be familiar with the chart that has the
characteristics of the Kingdoms and Domains
handed out in class!!!
Know the difference in old and new
Cladograms like the ones in the book Ch18.1
Originally based on physical characteristics
instead of evolutionary ancestral
characteristics like more modern cladograms
Unicellular
Prokaryotes (no nucleus)
Autotrophs and heterotrophs present
Bacteria (Eubacteria & Archaebacteria)
Eukarya
Fungi are in what Domain?
Describe fungi characteristics.
What are the 8 Characteristics of Life?
Think about what we as a human species need
to survive and not become extinct.
What is Biology?
Not Plants
Heterotrophs
Mostly Multicellular
Cell walls
Mushrooms, yeasts
Metabolize energy (Eat food)
Made of cells (Our bodies are made of cells)
Has DNA (Universal Genetic Code)
React to environment (Put on coat when cold)
Adapt to environment (Dark skin for hot areas)
Evolve over time (Caveman to modern man)
Grow and Develop (Baby to adult to old man)
Reproduce (to keep our species alive)
Study of Life (Living things)
What is HOMEOSTASIS?
Maintaining a stable internal environment
(such as your body temperature)
What is goal of science?
To get answers to questions about our natural
world.
What is an observation?
What you see happen in an experiment. Either
qualitative or quantitative
What is qualitative data?
Observations (data) using your senses
Feel, smell, hear, taste, see such as colors
What is quantitative data?
Numbers for data (length, volume, height,
mass)
What is the Scientific Method?
What is an independent variable (IV)?
What is the dependent variable (DV)?
Problem or Question
Hypothesis
Experiment
Data Analysis
Conclusion
Report your findings
The thing that you change in the experiment
(such as amount of light a plant gets)
The data obtained from your experiment
(such as the height the plant grew)
What is a control?
Used as a COMPARISON tool for your data. It
does NOT get the IV.
(such as the plant that gets normal amt of light)
What are constants?
The things that are given to the experimental
group and control.
(such as amount of water, type of soil, type of
plant, size of container)
What is a theory?
A well tested hypothesis that is supported by
repeated testing.
Know the metric system and conversions.
What phrase will help?
Kilo
Hecto
Deka
Base Unit - Meter, Liter, Gram
Deci
Centi
Milli
King Henry Died By Drinking Chocolate Milk
Name the Levels of Biology from largest to
smallest and define each
Biosphere = All areas of earth with life
Ecosystem = Living and non-living in an area
Community = Diff species in an area
Population = Same species (organisms) in an
area
Organism = Group of organ systems
Organ system = Group of organs
Organ = Group of tissues
Tissue = Group of cells
Cell= SMALLEST LIVING THING
Molecule = Units that make up cells NOT
LIVING
Unit of measure in Metric System for
Mass
Length
Volume
Gram
Meter
Liter
What is a Botonist?
Studies plants
What is a Zoologist?
Studies animals
Practice conversions
using past worksheets!!