Topic/Unit: 10 – The Cardiovascular System
Chapters/Resources: Chapter 11
Enduring Understandings
The cardiovascular system is responsible for distributing nutrients and oxygen to the other organ systems.
The cardiovascular system contains structures such as the heart and blood vessels.
The heart relies on nervous system impulses and coordinated signals from the heart’s conduction system.
Lifestyle is the major contributing factor to cardiovascular system aging.
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Course Objectives: Students will be able to…
Describe the major components and functions of the circulatory system
Discuss the major types of circulatory system vessels, as well as their roles
Identify and describe the major structures found within the human heart
Relate the major structures of the human heart to their role in both pulmonary and system circulation
Discuss the regulation of the contraction of the heart
Compare and contrast the adult and fetal hearts
Describe the major events in a single circuit of the heart
Discuss the basic makeup of an ECG
Understand the aging and pathology of the circulatory system
The Cardiovascular System: Guiding Questions
The Cardiovascular System: Overview
1. What is the cardiovascular system composed of?
2. What forms the circulatory system?
3. What indicates a person’s heartbeat?
4. What is produced by the heart’s pumping action?
The Cardiovascular System: Circulatory System Vessels
1. Which type of vessel carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body?
2. Which type of vessel carries blood from the body back to the heart?
3. What are capillaries and what is their function?
4. What is hydrostatic pressure and what does it allow?
5. Differentiate between vasoconstriction and vasodilation. How is this regulated?
The Cardiovascular System: Structure of the Human Heart
1. What tissue is the heart made of? What supplies the heart tissue with oxygen?
2. What is the name of the protective covering of the heart? How is it divided?
3. How many chambers is the heart made of? What structure separates them? Name these chambers.
4. What does the left half of the heart control? The right half? Why are two different “pumps” necessary?
5. Name the four valves that facilitate the pumping of blood by the heart chambers, and identify their location.
6. What are the four major vessels? Describe the location and function of each.
7. What is the purpose of the electrical conduction system of the heart? What are its major components?
8. How is the fetal heart different from the adult heart? (Differentiate structure and function)
The Cardiovascular System: Human Heart Function
1. Define the following terms: Cardiac cycle, diastole, systole, stroke volume, cardiac output.
2. What are the “normal” ranges for heart rate and diastolic and systolic blood pressures?
3. What anatomical features/behaviors assist the venous return of blood to the heart?
The Cardiovascular System: Electrocardiography Basics
1. What measures the electrical activity of the heart?
2. What is an ECG? What does it show?
3. One wave of a cardiac cycle is composed of 5 waves. What are they?
4. What do the QRS complex, the P-R interval, the Q-T interval, and the S-T intervals indicate?
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The Cardiovascular System: Pathology of the Cardiovascular System
1. If someone has a cardiovascular disease, which components of the CV system can be affected?
2. What are two ways in which CV diseases are produced?
3. What complications do vascular diseases generally cause?
4. What complications do cardiac diseases generally cause?
The Cardiovascular System: Aging of the Cardiovascular System
1. What plays a significant role in CV aging?
2. Name a common event associated with CV aging.
3. What happens to the heart as a person ages?