AP Biology
Quarter 2: Weeks 12-13
November 9-23, 2012
DATE
IN CLASS
HOMEWORK
22
Tuesday
(3; 95 min)
11/13/12
Cell Assessment
* Demonstration of Understanding
1. Heredity Assessment
DUE: Th 11/15
23
Thursday
(3; 95 min.)
11/15/12
Assessment: Heredity
* Demonstration of Understanding
1. Ch 10.1-5 SG or Notecard
DUE: M 11/19
24
Monday
(3; 95 min.)
11/19/12
Wednesday-Friday
11/21-23/12
C. Gay 11/11/12
Introduction to Molecular Genetics
* How do Mendelian patterns of
inheritance influence an organism’s
genotype & phenotype? How are nonMendelian patterns of inheritance
explained?
NO SCHOOL –
HAPPY THANKSGIVING!!!!
No Homework
Enjoy your Break!!!
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Tell someone you’re grateful
for their presence
in your life…
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SSHS AP Biology
Knowledge:
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Structure of Genetic Material
o Experiments of Griffith, Hershey and Chase
o DNA structure: nucleotides, nitrogenous bases, purines, pyrimidines, A, T, C, G, Watson, Crick, Franklin, double
helix, Chargoff’s rule
DNA Replication
o Helicase, DNA Polymerase, DNA Ligase, replication forks, replication bubbles, 3’-5’, Okazaki fragments,
Messelson and Stahl, semi-conservative replication
Protein Synthesis
o Beadle and Tatum: one gene, one polypeptide hypothesis
o Triplet code, codons, redundancy, non-ambiguous, start and stop codons
o Transcription: promoter, RNA polymerase, terminator, initiation, elongation, termination
o MRNA processing: polyA cap and tail, removal of introns, splicing exons, RNA as an enzyme
o Transfer RNA, anticodon, amino acid attachment site
o Ribosomes: large and small subunits, P site, A site
o Translation: initiation and ribosomal subunit binding, elongation (codon recognition, peptide bond formation,
translocation), termination
o Mutations: insertion and deletion (frame shift), mutagenesis
Viruses
o Lytic vs lysogenic cycles, Prophage
o Viral structure
o Plant and animal viruses, retroviruses, reverse transcriptase
Gene Regulation in Prokaryotes
o Operon: regulatory genes, promoter, operator, functional genes, repressor
o Types of operons: repressor (lac and tryp), activators
Cellular Differentiation and Cloning in Eukaryotes
o Cellular differentiation
o Cloning and regeneration
o Nuclear transplantation
o Embryonic stem cells vs. adult stem cells
Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes
o DNA Packaging: histones, nucleosomes, supercoils, centromere, kinetocore, telomeres
o X chromosome inactivation, Barr bodies
o Control of transcription: transcription factors, enhancers, silencers, alternative RNA splicing
o Control of translation: breakdown of mRNA, initiation of translation, protein activation, protein breakdown
Genetic Control of Embryonic Development
o Cascade of gene expression, cell-to-cell signaling, homeotic genes, regulatory protein gradients
o Signal-transduction pathway
o Homeobox sequences
Genetic Basis of Cancer
o Oncogenes, proto-oncogene, tumor suppressor genes, multiple hit hypothesis
o Environmental factors: carcinogens, mutagens, lifestyle choices
Bacteria as Tools for Manipulating DNA
o Bacterial transfer of DNA: transformation, transduction, conjugation
o F factor, plasmid, vector, plasmids
o Bacterial transformation: restriction enzymes, DNA ligase, recombinant DNA
o Gene cloning, genomic libraries
Tools of DNA Technology
o Reverse transcriptase and cDNA
o Nucleic acid probes
o DNA microarrays
o Gel Electrophoresis and RFLP analysis, blotting (southern, western, northern), autoradiography
o PCR
Human Genome
o Genetic (linkage) mapping, physical mapping, DNA sequencing, organisms sequenced
Bioethics
o DNA Fingerprinting
o Pharmacogenetics and recombinant organisms, therapeutic hormones, diagnosis and treatment of disease, vaccines
o GMO and agriculture
o Gene therapy
o Issues in biotechnology
Skills:
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Laboratory skills of biotechnology
Construction of restriction maps
Analysis and interpretation of RFLP analysis
C. Gay 11/11/12
SSHS AP Biology