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Supporting Information
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Table S1. List, data scale and description of the biological traits considered in this study. All
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information was obtained from the Fish Traits database (Frimpong & Angermeier, 2009).
Body size, reproductive ecology, and
life history traits
Salinity
traits
Trophic ecology traits
Trait type
Field code
Data scale
Description
benthic
binary
Benthic feeder
surwcol
binary
Surface or water column feeder
algphyto
binary
Algae or phytoplankton, including filamentous algae
macvascu
binary
Any part of macrophytes and vascular plants
detritus
binary
Detritus or unidentifiable vegetative matter
invlvfsh
binary
Aquatic and terrestrial invertebrates
fshcrcrb
binary
Larger fishes, crayfishes, crabs, frogs, etc.
eggs
binary
Eggs of fishes, frogs, etc.
maxtl
continuous
Maximum total length (centimeters)
Mean, median, or modal age at maturity for females
matuage
continuous
(years)
longevity
continuous
Longevity (years)
fecundity
count
Maximum reported fecundity
serial
binary
Serial or batch spawner
season
euryhaline
continuous Approximate length of the spawning season (months)
binary
Species with wide salinity tolerance
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Habitat preference traits
muck
binary
Muck substrate
claysilt
binary
Clay or silt substrate
sand
binary
Sand substrate
gravel
binary
Gravel substrate
cobble
binary
Cobble or pebble substrate
boulder
binary
Boulder substrate
bedrock
binary
Bedrock substrate
vegetat
binary
Aquatic vegetation
debrdetr
binary
Organic debris or detrital substrate
lwd
binary
Large woody debris
preflot
binary
Lotic and lentic systems but more often in lotic
preflen
binary
Lotic and lentic systems but more often in lentic
largeriv
binary
Medium to large river
smallriv
binary
Stream to small river
creek
binary
Creek
sprgsubt
binary
Spring or subterranean water
lacustrine
binary
Lentic systems
lowland
binary
Lowland elevation
upland
binary
Highland elevation
montane
binary
Mountainous physiography
slowcurr
binary
Slow current
modcurr
binary
Moderate current
fastcurr
binary
Fast current
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Figure S1. Long-term trajectories (1994-2008) of total native and non-native fish abundance
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(count data, log10(X+1) transformed) across the seven monitoring sites and globally. The dotted
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line at Bear Siding site in 2004 indicates no sampling due to high turbidity.
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Figure S2. Comparison of the discharge anomaly effects estimated by the two species models
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that received highest support (model 5, AICc = 1104.2; model 6, AICc = 1104.6; see Table 1). In
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both models observation error was species-specific. Whereas in model 5 biotic interactions were
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allowed, in model 6 they were not allowed (see Table 1).
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Figure S3. Results of the Beta diversity partitioning. The relative contributions of the nestedness
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(βNES) and the turnover (βSIM) components to overall beta diversity (βSOR) across the studied
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period 1994 – 2008 are shown.
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5
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References
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Frimpong, E. A., & Angermeier, P. L. (2009). Fish traits: a database of ecological and life-
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history traits of freshwater fishes of the United States. Fisheries, 34(10), 487–495.
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