Geography Test Review
1.
Continents, Oceans, and Hemispheres
a. Be able to label the 7 continents
b. Be able to label the 5 oceans
c. Be able to locate and label the Prime Meridian, International Date Line, and Equator
d. Know which hemispheres you live in
e. Know the purpose of the International Date Line
2. Physical and Human Geography
a. Be able to sort the topics into either the physical or human geography column
3. Map of Canada
a. Be able to label all 10 provinces and all 3 territories
b. Be able to label their capitals in APPROXIMATELY THE CORRECT LOCATION
c. Be able to label the capital city of Canada
d. Be able to label the Great Lakes
e. Be able to label Hudson’s Bay and the Gulf of the St. Lawrence
f. Be able to label the United States, Greenland, and Iceland
4. Time Zones
a. Be able to label the different time zones on a map
b. Be able to define daylight savings time
c. Know that the time zones start at the Prime Meridian
5. Regions of Canada
a. Know the highlighted information on the next page (in the form of multiple choice questions)
b. Be able to label the regions on a map of Canada
6. Current Events
a. Wi-Fi – What is Wi-Fi? Why are people worried about it being in schools?
b. Egypt in Turmoil – NO MAP – What is happening in Egypt?
i. People revolted in 2011
ii. Got rid of the leader, who was a dictator
iii. They elected a new leader, but he was corrupt
iv. There was more fighting
v. Now the army is in control until elections
c. Syria at Centre Stage – What is happening in Syria?
i. The government attacked their own people with chemical weapons
ii. The UN couldn’t agree about what to do because China and Russia side with Syria
iii. Eventually they made Syria give up its chemical weapons and close chemical weapon factories
Innuitian Mountains
Definition: The Innuitian Mountains are a mountain range in
Canada's Arctic territories of Nunavut and the Northwest
Territories. They are part of the Arctic Cordillera and are
largely unexplored, due to the hostile climate. They are
named after the northern indigenous people, who live in the
region.
What makes it different: It is different from the surrounding
regions because the climate is a lot more hostile, and because
it is composed of a series of islands, which is really a mountain
range that is mostly submerged in the ocean.
High/Low Temperatures: +3 to -40 on average
Climate: The climate in this region is very harsh. Summers are
short, and the temperatures get barely above freezing, with
very little precipitation. In the winter, this area gets bitterly
cold temperatures, with high winds, and often doesn’t receive
much snowfall. When it does snow, it is often in the form of a
blizzard, with high winds and freezing temperatures.
Vegetation: This area is covered by glaciers, and does not
have vegetation for the most part. In the summer, when he
ground thaws somewhat, you will occasionally get grasses and
lichens.
Hudson Bay and Arctic Lowlands
Definition: The Hudson Bay Lowlands are a
vast wetland located between the Canadian Shield and
southern shores of Hudson Bay and James Bay. Most of the
area lies within the province of Ontario, with smaller portions
reaching into Manitoba and Quebec.
What makes it different: It is different from the surrounding
regions because it is an area of low-lying land which is
surrounded by the Canadian Shield.
High/Low Temperatures: +12 to -40 on average
Climate: Wet, windy, cold
Vegetation: consists largely of tundra (very flat lowlands).
Trees cannot withstand the tundra’s low precipitation, harsh
temperatures, and nutrient-poor soil, frozen with permafrost.
Instead, short plants such shrubs, lichens, grasses, and 400
flower varieties sprout during this area’s 50-60 day growing
season. Arctic plants are adapted to cold temperatures and a
very short growing season. They grow rapidly in spring and
remain short and clustered, sheltering each other, to survive
harsh winds.
Canadian Shield
Definition: a large plateau that occupies almost 50% of the
land area of Canada; it extends from the Great Lakes
northward to the Arctic Ocean
What makes it different: It is different from the surrounding
regions because it is a section of shield rock (part of the
Earth’s crust) with very little soil. It is NOT part of a mountain
range, but is mostly comprised of rock.
High/Low Temperatures: +20 to -20 on average
Climate: In the North there are long, cold winters, and short,
cool summers. In the South, the weather is milder and
summers are longer and warmer. It gets 200-300 mm of rain in
summer and 1250-1500 mm of snow in winter.
Vegetation: Consists mainly of birch, aspen, tamarack, spruce,
willow, hemlock, and pine trees. You can find nearly any
colour of leaves, and the vegetation is different from the rest
of Canada.
LA RONGE
Interior Plains
Definition: a relatively flat region that extends from the Arctic
Ocean to the US border between the Rocky Mountains and
the Canadian Shield.
What makes it different: It is different from the surrounding
regions because it is a flat, fertile region between two rocky
areas.
High/Low Temperatures: +30 to -35 on average
Climate: The climate of the Interior Plains is very diverse.
Weather is very extreme; up north, long winters and summers
are short and cool, and down south, summers are long and hot
and winters are cold, however there is very little precipitation.
Air from the Gulf of Mexico flows north, colliding into air from
Canada, creating sudden and violent weather, such as
tornadoes, blizzards, and hailstorms.
Vegetation: Much diversity as with climate; up North is Tundra,
which is treeless area where the ground is always frozen, and
down south there are deciduous and evergreen trees. In the
Prairies there are tall grasses and even some that can grow to
the height of a person.
SASKATOON
YELLOWKNIFE
NORTH POLE/ALERT BAY
Cordillera
Definition: An extensive chain of mountains or mountain
ranges, especially the mountain system of North America
What makes it different: It is different from the surrounding
regions because it is made up of mountains as opposed to
prairie.
High/Low Temperatures: +10/+20 to -10/-30 on average
depending on how far north you are
Climate: Along the coast, this area has cool, wet winters with
lots of rain, and warm fairly dry summers. In the interior, this
area has cooler winters with lots of snowfall, and hot dry
summers.
Vegetation: The area is covered mostly by coniferous forests
in the upper elevations, coniferous forests with a few
deciduous trees in the mid-elevations, and trees with
grasslands along the valleys.
Appalachian Mountains
Definition: A mountain range in the eastern United States
extending from Quebec to the Gulf of Mexico.
What makes it different: It is different from the surrounding
regions because it is a mountain range that runs from north to
south alongside the St. Lawrence Lowlands and Shield.
High/Low Temperatures: +20 to -10 on average
Climate: The climate is controlled by two ocean currents,
which makes the winters cold with lots of precipitation, and
the summers more mild, but humid. This area is sometimes
hit by tropical storms and hurricanes.
Vegetation: The mountains are covered mostly by deciduous
forests in the low-lying areas, although there are some
coniferous trees further up the mountains. Large hard-wood
trees such as maple, walnut, and hemlock are commonly
found in this area.
VANCOUVER/ BANFF
QUEBEC CITY
St. Lawrence and Great Lakes Lowlands
Definition: It includes the St. Lawrence seaway and the Great
Lakes.
What makes it different: It is different from the surrounding
regions because it is a low-lying area between the
Appalachian Mountains and Canadian Shield.
High/Low Temperatures: +30 to -30 on average
Climate: The great lakes region is very humid because of the
Great Lakes. This climate allows for good growing season for
crops. On average, around 100 cm of rain or snow is received
every year.
Vegetation: The Great Lakes are home to a broad leaf forest,
and the Lowland has a mixed forest of conifers and deciduous
trees. Grass is also plentiful. The soil is very fertile, so a lot of
farming is done here.
Interesting Facts: This Is one of the most populated regions in
Canada, and contains half of Canada’s population. This region
is one of the smallest geographical regions in Canada.
TORONTO
Definitions
Climate: The weather conditions prevailing in an area in
general or over a long period.
Natural Resources: Materials or substances occurring in
nature which can be used for economic gain.
Non-renewable Resources: A non-renewable resource
(also known as a finite resource) is a resource that does
not renew itself at a sufficient rate for sustainable
economic extraction in meaningful human timeframes.
An example is carbon-based, organically-derived fuel.
Renewable Resources: any natural resource (such as wood
or solar energy) that can be replenished naturally with
the passage of time