Chapter 8 Land Resources Final Review
#1.a) Reclamation = The process of restoring an area to the condition it was in
before being mined is called reclamation.
b) Land-Use Planning = Land-Use planning helps us determine how to manage
the land to satisfy as many needs as possible.
c) Suburban Sprawl = Suburban sprawl has increased many urban areas to
several times the size they may have been in earlier decades. It is the increasing
sprawl of urban places.
d) Infrastructure = Hospitals, roads, power lines, etc. are all integral parts of a
city’s infrastructure.
#2.) See board for diagram
Multiple Choice
3.) D
7.) C
11.) D
4.) B
8.) A
12.) B
5.) C
9.) C
6.) D
10.) B
Short Answer
13.) Suburban Sprawl involves the spread of homes and businesses across land
that could have been used for agriculture purposes. Also, row after row of homes
and businesses take up more space than a multiples-use structure such as a
skyscraper does. In addition, more roads and infrastructure are needed to support
a sprawling city.
14.) Urbanization results in when technology enables non-urban industries to be
operated by fewer people and when transportation eliminates the need to
consumer items to be produced locally. When this happens, there are fewer jobs
available in the non-urban (rural) areas and people move to the cities in search of
work.
15.) Cities sometimes grow so rapidly that their infrastructure is unable to keep
pace. This causes problems such as overcrowding in schools and hospitals, traffic
congestion, deteriorating roads and increasing numbers of homeless people
whom the city cannot support.
16.) Many environmentalists object to clear-cutting because it removes a large
number of trees at one time and is a major cause of loss of biodiversity. The trees
that are left cannot regenerate rapidly and some tree species never grow back,
causing displacement and demise of wildlife, having long term, lasting effects on
the overall forest ecosystem. It also destroys the natural beauty of natural areas.
Some environmentalists prefer selective or single tree cutting, a method that has
less of a negative impact.
17.) By managing the land, people can better protect its long term usefulness and
promote sustainability of resources that are needed by an increasing population.
18.) About 48% of total available land is used intensively by people, including
urban (2%), cropland (17%) and rangeland (29%). 100% of the land available is
used in order to serve the cities in one way or another. The land used least by
human interference is wilderness, parks and wildlife refuges if any (9%).
19.) Are we “loving to death” our national parks and preserves?
Yes. – Too many tourists each year are leaving their ecological footprint behind
with the constant need to repair trails, dispose of waste appropriately and having
an increase in the number of human-wildlife contact, putting both in danger.
Limiting use of tourists to national parts and not preserves will ensure some land
is as intact in a natural state as possible for endangered species.
No. – People will not appreciate the need for protected space if they cannot have
access to it in order to understand its value. Limiting tourists to just national parks
will not provide enough education for the need for preserves and refuges.
20.) Over the last 200 years, increasing human populations have led to the
overuse of all types of landuse. For example, the need to feed a growing human
population has led to a misuse of some agricultural land (overgrazing, slash and
burn techniques, overuse of chemical fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides and
irrigation, etc.), the infrastructure of developed and developing cities has become
overburdened causing urban crisis all over the world, and “protected” areas such
as national parks and wildlife refuges are being scarred by development use such
as mining and ranching activities and too many visiting tourists.