Ionic & Metallic Bonding Study Guide
Chemistry
Name: ___________________________________
_____________________1. Electrons that fill the outer energy level of an atom
_____________________2. Valence electrons are usually the only electrons used in _______________
_____________________ 3. Normally, all the elements in a _____________ have the same electron dot structure
_____________________ 4. In 1916, he explained the inactivity of the noble gases and why certain ions &
molecules are formed in chemical reactions
_____________________ 5. This is a set of 8 valence electrons
_____________________ 6. Another name for electron dot structures
_____________________ 7. Lewis’ explanation is better known as the _________.
_____________________ 8. Atoms of the ____________ elements tend to _________ their valence electrons to
leave a complete octet in the next lowest energy level
_____________________
_____________________9.
Atoms of nonmetallic elements tend to ______ valence electrons or to _____
electrons with another _________ element to achieve a complete octet
_____________________
_____________________
_____________________10. This states that when atoms form compounds, they tend to achieve the electron
configuration of a noble gas
_____________________11. This group of elements is generally an exception to the octet rule
_____________________12. This is an atom that has lost or gained a valence electron, resulting in a charge
_____________________13. Is a positively charged ion
_____________________14. Is a negatively charged ion
_____________________15. Ions have an _________________ like a noble gas
_____________________16. There are _____________differences between metals & their cations
_____________________17. The most common producers of cations are _______________
_____________________18. A _________ forms when an atom loses 1 or more electrons
_____________________19. A cation shares the same name as its _______________
_____________________20. Most metal atoms have ___________ valence electrons that can be easily removed
_____________________21. We can represent ionization by using ___________ in an equation format
Ionic & Metallic Bonding Study Guide
Chemistry
Name: ___________________________________
_____________________22. Both the atom and its ion have the same number of _________ and __________.
_____________________
_____________________23. Ions have an ______________, they form _____________, and conduct _________
when dissolved in water.
_____________________
_____________________
_____________________24. Some elements form ________________ configurations when forming cations
_____________________25. Name five elements that form pseudo noble-gas configurations
_____________________
_____________________
_____________________
_____________________
_____________________26. An _________ is a negatively charge ion that is formed by the gaining of electrons
_____________________27. The name of an anion typically ends in ________
_____________________28. Ions that are produced when atoms of halogens gain electrons are called _____
_____________________29. All halide ions have a charge of _______
_____________________30. Compounds composed of cations and anions are called ____________________
_____________________31. Ionic compounds are _____________ neutral
_____________________32. An ionic compound is usually a combination of a _____ cation and a ______ anion
_____________________
_____________________33. The total ______ charge of the cations must equal the total ____ charge of the
anions in an ionic compound
_____________________
_____________________34. Opposite _______ attract
_____________________35. Is a chemical bond formed between two ions of opposite charges
_____________________36. Chemists represent the composition of substances with _______________.
_____________________37. This is the lowest whole-number ratio of ions in an ionic compound
Ionic & Metallic Bonding Study Guide
Chemistry
Name: ___________________________________
_____________________38. Most ionic compounds are ______________ at room temperature
_____________________39. The component ions within crystals have a repeating __________ pattern
_____________________40. A chemical formula shows the ______ and __________ of atoms in the smallest
representative unit of a substance
_____________________
_____________________41. Ionic compounds tend to have high ________ and high ____________
_____________________
_____________________42. This is the number of ions of opposite charge that surround an ion in a crystal
_____________________43. _________ and _________ ionic compounds in water can conduct electric current
_____________________
_____________________44. Valence electrons of metal atoms can be modeled as a ____________________
_____________________45. Metals are made up of closely packed _______
_____________________46. These move freely between metal atoms
_____________________47. This is the bond formed by the attraction between positively charged metal ions and
the electrons around them
_____________________48. This property of metals means that they are easily formed
_____________________49. This property of metals means that they can be drawn into wires
_____________________50. Metals have a __________________ structure
_____________________51. The three main structural arrangements of metals
_____________________
_____________________
_____________________62. An example of a metal with body-centered cubic structure
_____________________63. An example of a metal with face-centered cubic structure
_____________________64. An example of a metal with hexagonal close-packed structure
_____________________65. Are mixtures composed of 2 or more elements, in which at least one is a metal
Ionic & Metallic Bonding Study Guide
Chemistry
_____________________66. Name 3 alloys
Name: ___________________________________
_____________________
_____________________
_____________________ 67. Steels are __________ alloys because the smaller atoms can fit into the spaces
between the larger atoms
_____________________68. Structure in which every atom, except those on the surface, have eight neighbors
Short Answer
69. Explain why ionic compounds are able to conduct electric current when melted or dissolved in water. (2 points)
70. Why is it important that compounds have different properties than their individual atoms? Use an example to
explain your answer. (2 points)
Ionic & Metallic Bonding Study Guide
Name: ___________________________________
Chemistry
71. Why is the whole number ratio 2:3 for aluminum oxide (Al2O3) rather than 1:1 like sodium chloride (NaCl)? (2
points)
72. How are the properties of metals explained by the sea-of-electrons model? (3 points)
73. Why are steels the most important alloys? (3 points)
Ionic & Metallic Bonding Study Guide
Chemistry
74. Name each cation or anion. (1 point each)
Name: ___________________________________
a. K+ ______________________________________
b. O2- ______________________________________
c. Sr2+ ______________________________________
d. N3- ______________________________________
e. Cl- ______________________________________
75. Write the ionization equations of the following cations & anions. (1 point each)
a. Calcium ion
b. Iodide ion
c. Lithium ion
d. Oxide ion
e. Aluminum ion
Ionic & Metallic Bonding Study Guide
Name: ___________________________________
Chemistry
76. Draw the electron dot structures of the following elements. (1 points each)
a. Lithium
f. Krypton
b. Fluorine
g. Hydrogen
c. Phosphorus
h. Helium
d. Aluminum
i. Oxygen
e. Germanium
77. Use electron dot structures to predict the formulas of the ionic compounds formed from the following
elements. (1 point each)
a. Potassium and oxygen
b. Calcium and nitrogen
c. Sodium and chlorine
d. Aluminum and oxygen
e. Lithium and phosphorus