Supplementary Table 3. Age- and multiple covariate-adjusted multinomial logistic
regression analyses of sociodemographic predictors of anemia, obesity, and their cooccurrence among adult men and women in rural India.
Age-adjusted model
Men
Women
Obesity
Education
Illiterate (reference)
Literate, no education
Primary school
Secondary/post-secondary
Household asset index
Urbanicity
Adult stunting
Women
OR (95% CI)
3 321
OR (95% CI)
2 889
OR (95% CI)
3 121
OR (95% CI)
2 195
.
0.70 (0.42, 1.2)
1.0 (0.71, 1.5)
0.86 (0.56, 1.3)
0.96 (0.85, 1.1)
1.0 (0.98, 1.0)
1.4** (1.1, 1.7)
.
1.1 (0.77, 1.5)
1.1 (0.87, 1.5)
1.3 (0.93, 1.7)
1.0 (0.98, 1.1)
1.0 (0.98, 1.0)
0.99 (0.84, 1.2)
.
0.69 (0.44, 1.1)
1.1 (0.75, 1.6)
1.0 (0.67, 1.6)
0.95 (0.85, 1.0)
1.0 (0.98, 1.1)
1.4** (1.1, 1.8)
.
1.0 (0.74, 1.5)
1.1 (0.84, 1.5)
1.2 (0.87, 1.7)
1.0 (0.98, 1.1)
1.0 (0.98, 1.0)
1.0 (0.83, 1.2)
.
2.0* (1.2, 3.3)
3.1*** (1.9, 4.9)
2.4*** (1.5, 4.0)
.
1.1 (0.71, 1.8)
1.4 (0.78, 2.7)
1.3 (0.73, 2.3)
.
1.1 (0.66, 1.7)
1.2 (0.62, 2.4)
1.1 (0.57, 2.0)
1.1* (1.0, 1.2)
1.2*** (1.1, 1.2)
1.0 (0.97, 1.0)
1.0 (0.76, 1.4)
.
1.7* (1.0, 2.8)
2.5*** (1.6, 4.0)
1.6+ (0.94, 2.6)
1.0 (0.91, 1.1)
n
Non-anemic/non-obese (reference)
Anemia
Education
Illiterate (reference)
Literate, no education
Primary school
Secondary/post-secondary
Household asset index
Urbanicity
Adult stunting
Full model
Men
1.0+
(1.0, 1.0)
0.04*** (0.03, 0.06)
Co-occurrence of anemia and obesity
Education
.
Illiterate (ref)
3.1 (0.74, 13)
Literate, no education
2.7+ (0.85, 8.9)
Primary school
3.2* (1.0, 9.8)
Secondary/post-secondary
1.3+ (0.97, 1.7)
Household asset index
1.0 (0.94, 1.1)
Urbanicity
0.55 (0.16, 1.8)
Adult stunting
.
1.4 (0.67, 2.8)
1.6 (0.86, 3.1)
0.84 (0.37, 1.9)
1.3*** (1.1, 1.4)
1.0 (0.97, 1.1)
1.1 (0.84, 1.6)
(1.0, 1.1)
0.91 (0.62, 1.3)
1.1** (1.0, 1.2)
1.0 (0.97, 1.0)
1.1 (0.76, 1.5)
.
2.1 (0.51, 8.9)
1.8 (0.55, 5.9)
1.5 (0.50, 4.5)
1.1 (0.85, 1.3)
1.0 (0.95, 1.1)
0.69 (0.24, 2.0)
.
1.2 (0.61, 2.2)
1.3 (0.69, 2.5)
0.58 (0.26, 1.3)
1.3*** (1.2, 1.4)
1.0 (0.98, 1.1)
1.3 (0.89, 1.9)
1.0+
The dependent variable is a multinomial categorical variable with the following levels: 0 = non-anemic and non-obese; 1 = anemic; 2
= obese; 3 = co-occurrence of anemia and obesity; odds ratios are relative to being neither anemic nor obese; odds ratios for ageadjusted models are those for separate models that include only age and the variable of interest as independent variables; full
models are adjusted for age, tobacco use, treatment assignment in the original Hyderabad Nutrition Trial (HNT), and all
sociodemographic variables shown.
Anemia among men and women, respectively, is defined as a hemoglobin concentration <130 g/L, and <120 g/L; obesity is defined
as a total body fat percentage based on Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA) measurement of ≥25% and ≥35% for men and
women, respectively.
P-values are for odds ratios for each logistic regression analysis (+P<0.1, *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001).
Standard errors and variance-covariance matrices of the estimators for both models are adjusted for intra-village and intrahousehold correlations.