DRAFT 3/16/2012
IGA-110
Modern Diplomacy: Peace and War in the Twenty-First Century
Professor Nicholas Burns
Fall 2012
T/TH 2:40 – 4:00 PM
Littauer Bldg 230
Optional Discussion Session:
TBD Weekly
Office Hours:*
T/TH 10:30 AM – 12 PM
Littauer Bldg 374
Nicholas_Burns@hks.harvard.edu
Faculty Assistant:
Alison Hillegeist
Littauer Bldg 372
Alison_hillegeist@hks.harvard.edu
* Office Hours sign-up sheets will be posted bi-weekly on Thursday mornings outside L372.
Students may only sign up for one slot at a time and slots cannot be reserved in advance.
Course Assistants:
Lena Kilee
Lena_kilee@hks13.harvard.edu
Maritza Jean-Louis
maritza_jean-louis@hks12.harvard.edu
COURSE DESCRIPTION
This is a class about war and peace from the end of the Cold War in 1989-90 to the present
day. We will focus on the importance of diplomacy in a globalized world as a central policy
instrument for the United States, China, India, the European countries and other powers.
Specifically, we will look at those instances—German Unification in NATO, the end of
Apartheid in South Africa, the Peru-Ecuador Border Dispute, the first Gulf War, Bosnia and
the U.S.-India relationship—when the international community deployed diplomacy
successfully to prevent war, end an international crisis, or achieve a positive outcome. We
will also study examples of when diplomacy fails and war or conflict ensue—the 2003 Iraq
War, Afghanistan, the Israeli-Palestinian Dispute, the North Korea Nuclear Crisis and the
Iran nuclear issue. While this is not a course specifically and solely about American
diplomacy, the United States will be discussed frequently given its current leading role in
global affairs. We will pay close attention to the “how” of diplomacy. How is diplomacy
conducted at the highest levels? How can a country use negotiations and the combination
of diplomacy and the threat of force effectively? How can the United Nations and other
international organizations operate more effectively to prevent human rights violations,
injustice and war?
In addition to lecture and class discussions, we will use class debates, case studies and
student presentations to help you practice the skills that are critical to success in public
service as well as the private sector—deep intellectual knowledge of the core issues of our
time, analytical thinking, effective writing skills and the ability to make clear and succinct oral
presentations.
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ASSIGNMENTS AND GRADING
Students should come to class having done all readings and prepared to engage in
discussion and debate. We require active class participation with cold calling as the norm.
Each of you will be assigned membership in a small group at the start of the course. All
small groups will prepare short presentations one to two times per semester on assigned
class topics. These presentations will give you the chance to practice the kind of cogent and
focused briefings common in the professional environment. In addition, there will be a final
oral exam at the end of the semester.
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Class Discussion/Participation
Group Presentations
Two (2) Concise Policy Memoranda (max. 1000 words)
Oral Exam
15%
15%
30%
40%
REQUIRED READINGS
I am assigning four texts for you to purchase. These books will form the core of the reading
list. They are:

Ferguson, Niall. Colossus: The Rise and Fall of the American Empire. New
York: Penguin Books, 2004.

Haass, Richard N. War of Necessity, War of Choice: A Memoir of Two Iraq Wars.
New York: Simon & Schuster, 2009.

Holbrooke, Richard. To End A War. New York: Random House, 1998.

Ross, Dennis. Statecraft: And How to Restore America’s Standing in the World.
New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2007.
In addition, I will assign other required readings for each class. These can be found in the
mandatory course packet or the course website and will be marked as “T” if in one of the
assigned texts, “E” for electronic (available online on the IGA-110 course page), or “P” for
mandatory course packet. Course packets can be picked up at the Course Materials Office
on the ground floor of the Belfer building. I will designate still other, non-mandatory readings
under the rubric “For Further Exploration” for those interested in delving more deeply into
particular issues. As this is a course that looks at several contemporary global issues,
students are encouraged to read a major international newspaper daily and the Economist
weekly.
Students are also encouraged to post articles and discussion topics and to start
conversations on the course website.
I will also offer a course discussion hour weekly, as available, that is not mandatory.
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COURSE CALENDAR
Shopping Day:
Tuesday, September 4
2:40 – 3:10 PM (Section I) / 3:25 – 3:55 PM (Section II)
L230
INTRODUCTION TO DIPLOMACY
WEEK 1: Introduction to the Course
Thursday, September 6
 Brooks, David. “Why Our Elites Stink.” New York Times, July 13, 2012 (E)
 Burns, R. Nicholas. “Why isn’t peace on anyone’s platform?” Boston Globe,
December 23, 2011 (E)
WEEK 2: Defining Diplomacy
Tuesday, September 11
Required Readings:
 Nicolson, Harold. Peacemaking 1919: Being Reminiscences of the Paris Peace
Conference. Safety Harbor: Simon Publications, 2001. pp 3-10; 30-56. (P)
 Kissinger, Henry. Diplomacy. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1994. "The New World
Order," pp 17-28. (P)
For Further Exploration:
 Library of Congress. Foreign Service Oral Histories. Association for Diplomatic
Studies and Training.
 Freeman, Chas. W., Jr. The Diplomat’s Dictionary. National Defense University
Press, 1993.
 Mak, Dayton and Kennedy, Charles Stuart. American Ambassadors in a Troubled
World: Interviews with Senior Diplomats. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1992.
 Rice, Condoleezza. Speech on Transformational Diplomacy. Georgetown University,
Washington, D.C., January 18, 2006.
Thursday, September 13
Required Readings:
 Yunus, Mohamed. Nobel Peace Prize Lecture, 2006. (E)
 President John F. Kennedy Commencement Address at American University,
Washington D.C., June 10, 1963. Audio and video files also available online. (E)
 Nye, Joseph. “Public Diplomacy and Soft Power.” The Annals of the American
Academy of Political and Social Science, 2008. (E)
For Further Exploration:
 Chollet, Derek and James Goldgeier. America between the Wars: From 11/9 to
9/11. New York: BBS Public Affairs, 2008.
 Obama, Barack H. Nobel Peace Prize Lecture. Oslo, December 10, 2009.
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EXPLORING EFFECTIVE DIPLOMACY
WEEK 3: The Peaceful End of the Cold War: German Unification in NATO
Tuesday, September 18
Required Readings:
 Rice, Condoleeza and Philip D. Zelikow. Germany Unified and Europe Transformed:
A Study in Statecraft. Harvard University Press: 1995. Ch. 1 & 3 (pp 4-38; 63-101)
(P)
 Ross, Dennis. Statecraft, pp 29-47. (T)
 Cox, Michael and Steven Hurst. “His Finest Hour? George Bush and the Diplomacy
of German Unification.” Diplomacy and Statecraft, Dec. 2002. (E)
 Heuvel, Katrina Vanden and Stephen F. Cohen. “Gorbachev on 1989.” The Nation,
October 28, 2009. (E)
Thursday, September 20
Required Readings:
 Cherniaev, Anatolii. “The Unification of Germany: Political Mechanisms and
Psychological Stereotypes.” Russian Science Review, May/June 1999, pp. 50-65.
(E)
 Kusters, Hanns Jurgen. “The Kohl-Gorbachev Meetings in Moscow and in the
Caucasus, 1990.” Cold War History, Jan 2002. (E)
 Zoellick, Robert B. “Two Plus Four: The Lessons of German Unification.” National
Interest, Fall 2000. (E)
 Euronews. “Mikhail Gorbachev, former USSR President: ‘Perestroika won, but
politically I lost.’” Interview, May 11, 2009. (E)
For Further Exploration:
 Hutchings, Robert. American Diplomacy and the End of the Cold War. Princeton:
Woodrow Wilson Center Press, 1997.
 Genscher, Hans Dietrich. Rebuilding a House Divided. New York: Broadway, 1998.
WEEK 4: The End of Apartheid in South Africa
Tuesday, September 25
Discussion with Jim Smith – An Eyewitness to the End of Apartheid
Required Readings:
 Mandela, Nelson. Long Walk to Freedom: The Autobiography of Nelson Mandela.
London: Abacus, 1994. "Part Ten: Talking with the Enemy," pp. 609-668; “Part 11:
Freedom,” pp. 669-751. (P)
 Seedat, Tony. "Visits to Austria and West Germany." Oliver Tambo Remembered.
Ed. Z. Pallo Jordan. Basingstoke, Hampshire: Macmillan, 2007. pp. 191-197. (P)
 Mufson, Steven. “South Africa 1990.” Foreign Affairs, Vol. 70, No. 1, America and the
World 1990/91, pp. 120-141. (E)
 Biko, Steve. “Black Consciousness and the Quest for a True Humanity.” I Write What
I Like. London: Oxford, 1987. pp. 87-98. (E)
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Thursday, September 27
Required Readings:
 Sparks, Allister. Tomorrow is Another Country: the Inside Story of South Africa’s
Road to Change. (1995) pp 5-14; 21-36; 48-56; 120-178; 226-239 (P)
 Lyman, Princeton N. Partner to History: The U.S. Role in South Africa's Transition to
Democracy. Danvers: United States Institute of Peace Press, 2002. pp. 23-43, 263283. (P)
 Carlin, John. “Nelson Mandela’s Legacy: What the World Must Learn from One of
Our Greatest Leaders,” The Cairo Review of Global Affairs, pp 43-47 (E)
For Further Exploration:
 Treverton, Gregory F. and Pamela Varle. “The United States and South Africa: The
1985 Sanctions Debate.” Institute for the Study of Diplomacy, School of Foreign
Service, Georgetown University, 1992. (E)
 Klotz, Audie. Norms in International Relations: The Struggle Against Apartheid.
Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1995. pp 3-18.
 Orkin, Mark, ed. Sanctions Against Apartheid. Cape Town: David Philip, 1990.
Chapters 9-13.
 Venter, D. J. "Apartheid and International Foreign Policy Responses [excerpt]."
South Africa, Sanctions and the Multinationals. Chichester, West Sussex: Carden
Publications Limited, 1989. pp. 33-44.
 Woods, Donald. Biko – Cry Freedom. New York: Henry Holt, 1987.
 Tutu, Desmond. “Leadership.” Essays on Leadership. Washington DC: Carnegie
Commission on Preventing Deadly Conflict, 1998.
WEEK 5: The First Gulf War, 1991: A Diplomatic Triumph
Tuesday, October 2
Required Readings:
 Haass, Richard N. War of Necessity, War of Choice: A Memoir of Two Iraq Wars. pp.
60-115. (T)
 Ferguson, Niall. Colossus: The Rise and Fall of the American Empire. pp 132-138.
(T)
 Ross, Dennis. Statecraft. pp 73-99. (T)
Thursday, October 4
Required Readings:
 Haass, Richard N. War of Necessity, War of Choice: A Memoir of Two Iraq Wars. pp.
116-153. (T)
 Watkins, M. and Rosegrant, S. “The Gulf Crisis: Building a Coalition for War,” HKS
Case #1264.0. (E)
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WEEK 6: The Peru-Ecuador Dispute: A Latin American Diplomatic Breakthrough
FIRST PAPER DUE: November 10, 1989 Briefing Memorandum to Chancellor Helmut
Kohl on the Fall of the Berlin Wall and German Unification
Tuesday, October 9
Special Guest Speaker: Jamil Mahuad, Former President of Ecuador (1998-2000)
Required Readings:
 Simmons, Beth. “Territorial Disputes and Their Resolution: The Case of Ecuador and
Peru.” Peaceworks No. 27. United States Institute of Peace, April 1999, pp 10-25.
(E)
 Herz, Monica and Joao Pontes Noguerira. Ecuador vs. Peru: Peacemaking Amid
Rivalry. Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2002. "The Mediation Process,” pp. 4996. (P)
 Einaudi, Luigi R. "The Ecuador-Peru Peace Process." Herding Cats. Ed. Chester A.
Crocker, et al. Danvers: United States Institute of Peace Press, 1999. pp 405-429.
(P)
Thursday, October 11
Required Readings:
 Downes, Richard and Gabriel Marcella, eds. Security Cooperation in the Western
Hemisphere: Resolving the Ecuador-Peru Conflict. Coral Gables, FL: North-South
Center Press, 1999. [Read: Introduction; Chapter 6 “Brazilian Diplomacy;” Chapter 7
“Three Possible Scenarios;” pp 186-189 from Chapter 8 “Political-Military
Coordination;” and Chapter 9 “New Perspectives on Using Diplomacy”] (P)
 Domínguez, Jorge I. et al. “Boundary Disputes in Latin America.” Peaceworks No.
50. United States Institute of Peace, August 2003. (E)
 Palmer, David Scott. “Peru-Ecuador border conflict: Missed opportunities, misplaced
nationalism, and multilateral peacekeeping.” Journal of Interamerican Studies and
World Affairs, Fall 1997. (E)
WEEK 7: Ending the Bosnian War: Diplomacy Prevails at the Dayton Peace Talks
Tuesday, October 16
Required Readings:
 Holbrooke, Richard. To End a War. pp. xv-xx, 21-33, 112-121, 199-214, 231-240,
288-327, 358-369. (T)
 Ross, Dennis. Statecraft. pp 48-72. (T)
For Further Exploration:
 Daalder, I. and Michael B.G. Froman. “Dayton’s Incomplete Peace.” Foreign Affairs,
Nov-Dec 1999.
 Halberstam, David. War in a Time of Peace: Bush, Clinton and the Generals. New
York: Scribner, 2001.
 Sharp, Jane. “Dayton Report Card.” International Security, Winter 1997-1998.
 Nation, R. Craig. “Russia and the Balkans.” Russian National Security: Perceptions,
Policies, and Prospects, Dec. 2000.
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Thursday, October 18
Required Readings:
 HKS Case "Getting to Dayton: Negotiating an End to the War in Bosnia." C125-961356. (E)
 Curran, Daniel F., James K. Sebenius, and Michael Watkins. "Two Paths to Peace:
Contrasting George Mitchell in Northern Ireland with Richard Holbrooke in BosniaHerzegovina." Negotiation Journal 20, no. 4, October 2004. (E)
WHEN DIPLOMACY FAILS
WEEK 8: The Iraq War 2003: The Breakdown of Diplomacy
Tuesday, October 23
Class discussion with Professor Meghan O’Sullivan
Required Readings:
 Ferguson, Niall. Colossus: The Rise and Fall of the American Empire, pp 149-166.
(T)
 Haass, Richard N. War of Necessity, War of Choice: A Memoir of Two Iraq Wars, pp.
1-16, 202-266. (T)
 Fallows, James. "Blind into Baghdad.” Atlantic Monthly, January/February 2004. (E)
 Packer, George. “War after War.” The New Yorker, November 24, 2003. (E)
 Bush, George W. Decision Points. New York: Crown Publishing Group, 2010. "Iraq,"
pp. 223-271. (P)
Thursday, October 25
Required Readings:
 Haass, Richard N. War of Necessity, War of Choice: A Memoir of Two Iraq Wars, pp.
267-293. (T)
 Scowcroft, Brent. “Don’t attack Saddam.” Wall Street Journal, August 15, 2002. (E)
 Cheney, Dick. Speech to Veterans of Foreign Wars, Nashville, August 27, 2002. (E)
For Further Exploration:
 Ricks, Thomas. Fiasco: The American Military Adventure in Iraq, 2003 to 2005. New
York: Penguin Books, 2007.
 Gordon, Michael R. and Gen. Bernard E. Trainor. Cobra II: The Inside Story of the
Invasion and Occupation of Iraq. New York: Penguin Press, 2006.
 Packer, George. The Assassins' Gate: America in Iraq. New York: Farrar, Straus and
Giroux, 2005.
 Dobbins, James. "Who Lost Iraq? Lessons from the Debacle.” Foreign Affairs, New
York: Council on Foreign Relations, 2007.
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WEEK 9: The North Korea Nuclear Crisis
Tuesday, October 30
Guest Speaker: Dr. John Park, Belfer Center Research Fellow, Project on Managing
the Atom/International Security Program
Required Readings:
 Park, John S. "North Korea, Inc.: Gaining Insights into North Korean Regime Stability
from Recent Commercial Activities," United States Institute of Peace Working Paper,
April 22, 2009 (E)
 Revere, Evans J.R. “Re-Engaging North Korea after Kim Jong-il’s Death: Last, Best
Hope or Dialogue to Nowhere?” The Brookings Institution, January 2012. (E)
 Choi, Brent & Hibbitts, Mi Jeong. “North Korea’s Succession May Go Smoothly After
All.” Center for US-Korea Policy, October 2010. (E)
 Cha, Victor D. & Anderson, Nicholas D. “A North Korean Spring?” The Washington
Quarterly, Volume 35, Issue 1, 2012, pp. 7-24. (E)
 Revere, Evans J.R. “Dealing with North Korea’s New Leader: Getting It Right.”
Pacific Forum CSIS, PacNet, December 27, 2011. (E)
For Further Exploration:
 “Responding to Change on the Korean Peninsula: Impediments to U.S. – South
Korea – China Coordination.” Center for Strategic and International Studies, May
2010.
 Charles L. Pritchard and John H. Tilelli Jr., Chairs; Scott A. Snyder, Project Director.
“U.S. Policy Toward the Korean Peninsula.” Council on Foreign Relations, June
2010, pp. 3-29.
 “North Korea: The Risks of War in the Yellow Sea.” International Crisis Group. Asia
Report N°198 – 23 December 2010.
Thursday, November 1
Required Readings:
 Cossa, Ralph A. “The Kim is Dead! Long Live the Kim?” Pacific Forum
CSIS, PacNet, December 20, 2011. (E)
 Meyers, S. and Sang-Hun, C., “North Koreans Agree to Freeze Nuclear Work; U.S.
to Give Aid.” The New York Times, February 29, 2012. (E)
 “China and Inter-Korean Clashes in the Yellow Sea.” International Crisis Group, Asia
Report N° 200 – 27 January 2011. (E)
 Asher, David L., Victor D. Comras and Patrick M. Cronin. “Pressure: Coercive
Economic Statecraft and U.S. National Security.” Center for a New American
Security, January 2011, pp. 10-24. (E)
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WEEK 10: An Israeli-Palestinian Peace: A Diplomatic Possibility?
Tuesday, November 6
Required Readings:
 Avishai, Bernard. “A Separate Peace.” The New York Times: February 13, 2011. (E)
 “Palestinian Strategy Report,” International Crisis Group: April 26, 2010. (E)
 Said, Edward. “The One State Solution.” The New York Times: January 19, 1999. (E)
 Ross, Dennis. Statecraft, pp 259-285. (T)
 Haass, Richard and Martin Indyk. “Beyond Iraq: A New U.S. Strategy for the Middle
East.” Foreign Affairs, Jan/Feb2009. (E)
Thursday, November 8
Required Readings:
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Mead, Walter Russell. “Change They Can Believe In: To Make Israel Safe, Give
Palestinians Their Due.” Foreign Affairs, Jan/Feb 2009. (E)
Bröning, Michael. “Hamas 2.0: The Islamic Resistance Movement Grows
Up.” Foreign Affairs, August 5, 2009. (E)
Agha, Hussein & Malley, Robert. "The Last Negotiation: How to End the Middle East
Peace Process." Foreign Affairs, May/June 2002. (E)
Kurtzer, Daniel C. and Scott B. Lasensky. Negotiating Arab-Israeli Peace. Danvers:
United States Institute of Peace Press, 2008. "Making Peace among Arabs and
Israelis," pp. 25-73. (P)
For Further Exploration:
 Haass, Richard and Indyk, Martin. “Restoring the Balance: A Middle East Strategy
for the Next President.” Saban Center-CFR Middle East Strategy Project, 2008.
 "Palestinian Refugees and the Politics of Peacemaking," International Crisis Group:
February 5, 2004.
 Miller, Aaron. The Much Too Promised Land: America's Elusive Search for ArabIsraeli Peace. New York: Bantam Press, 2008.
 Kurtzer, Daniel C. Negotiating Arab-Israeli Peace: American Leadership in the
Middle East. Washington D.C: United States Institute of Peace Press, 2008.
 Ross, Dennis. The Missing Peace: The Inside Story of the Fight for Middle East
Peace. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2005.
WEEK 11: The Afghan War 2012: Is There a Diplomatic Solution?
SECOND PAPER DUE on topic from course of the student’s choosing
Tuesday, November 13
Required Readings:
 Barno, David and Andrew Exum. “Responsible Transition: Securing U.S. Interests in
Afghanistan Beyond 2011.” Center for New American Security: 2010. (E)
 Rashid, Ahmed. Descent Into Chaos. Danvers: Viking, 2008. "The Taliban Offensive:
Battling for Control of Afghanistan, 2006-2007." pp. 349-373. (P)
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Jones, Seth G. In the Graveyard of Empires: America's War in Afghanistan. New
York: W. W. Norton and Company, 2009. "Operation Enduring Freedom" and “A
Light Footprint,” Chapters 6-7, pp. 86-133. (P)
Kaplan, Robert. "Man Versus Afghanistan." The Atlantic, April 2010. (E)
Obama, Barack. “Statement by the President on the Afghanistan-Pakistan Annual
Review.” December 16, 2010. (E)
Dobbins, James, Shinn, James, Afghan Peace Talks: A Primer, Rand National
Security Division, 2011, Rand Corporation, pp. 5-15; 18-38. (P)
Thursday, November 15
Required Readings:
 Rashid, Ahmed. “A Dangerous Void in Pakistan.” Epoch Times, March 18, 2009. (E)
 Bush, George W. Decision Points. New York: Crown Publishing Group, 2010.
"Afghanistan," pp. 183-221. (P)
 Ignatius, David. “How to end the Afghan mission,” Washington Post Op-ed, March
14, 2012. (E)
 Brahimi, Lakhdar and Thomas R. Pickering, Afghanistan: Negotiating Peace, (New
York: The Century Foundation © 2011), pp. 54-73. (P)
 Bumiller, Elisabeth & Allison Kopocki. “Support in U.S. for Afghan War Drops
Sharply, Poll Finds,” New York Times, March 26, 2012 (E)
For Further Exploration:
 Woodward, Bob. “Obama’s Wars.” New York: Simon and Schuster, 2010.
 “A New Way Forward: Rethinking U.S. Strategy in Afghanistan.” Afghanistan Study
Group, January 30, 2008, pp 7-25.
 “The Afghan-Pakistan Conflict: US Strategic Options in Afghanistan.” Center for
Strategic and International Studies, March 20, 2009, pp 1-16.
 Dobbins, James. After the Taliban: Nation-Building in Afghanistan, Potomac Books,
2008.
 Coll, Steve. Ghost Wars: The Secret History of the CIA, Afghanistan, and Bin Laden,
from the Soviet Invasion to September 10. New York: Penguin Press, 2004.
 Rubin, Barnett R. and Ahmed Rashid. "From Great Game to Great Bargain: Ending
Chaos in Afghanistan and Pakistan." Foreign Affairs, Nov/Dec 2008, pp. 30-44.
 Rubin, Barnett R. “Saving Afghanistan.” Foreign Affairs, Jan/Feb 2007.
Week 12: Afghan War (continued)
Class Debate on how to end the Afghan War
Readings TBD
Tuesday, November 20
Thursday, November 22 - THANKSGIVING BREAK – NO CLASS
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WEEK 13: The Iranian Nuclear Crisis: Can Diplomacy Prevent War?
Tuesday, November 27
Required Readings:
 Ross, Dennis. Statecraft, pp 286-318. (T)
 Sebenius, James K., and Michael K. Singh. “Is a Nuclear Deal with Iran Possible? An
Analytical Framework for the Iran Nuclear Negotiations.” Belfer Center Iran Nuclear
Negotiation Working Group, Working Paper 2011-01, February 2011. (E)
 Sadjadpour, Karim. “Iran: Is Productive Engagement Possible?” Carnegie
Endowment for International Peace, October 2008. (E)
 Feldman, Shai, Shlomo Brom and Shimon Stein. “What to do about Nuclearizing
Iran? The Israeli Debate.” Crown Center for Middle East Studies, Brandeis
University, Feb. 2012. (E)
 Burns, R. Nicholas. “Obama delivers a clear message on Iran,” Boston Globe Op-ed,
March 15, 2012. (E)
Thursday, November 29
Required Readings:
 Videotaped Remarks by President Obama in Celebration of Nowruz, transcript,
March 20, 2009. Video also available online. (E)
 Speech by Iranian Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei in response to President Obama’s
video, March 22, 2009. (E)
 Sanger, David. “U.N. Agency Says Iran Data Points to A-Bomb Work.” The New York
Times, November 8, 2011. (E)
 Goldberg, Jeffrey. “Obama to Iran and Israel: ‘As President of the United States, I
Don’t Bluff.” The Atlantic, March 2, 2012. (E)
 Edelman, Eric et al. “The Dangers of a Nuclear Iran: The Limits of Containment.”
Foreign Affairs, Jan/Feb 2011. (E)
 Slaughter, Anne-Marie. “Our Least Bad Option for Negotiating with Tehran.”
Financial Times, November 10, 2011. (E)
 Limbert, John. Negotiating with Iran: Wrestling the Ghosts of History. U.S. Institute of
Peace, 2009. Chapter 6, “The Lessons: Fourteen Steps to Success,” and Chapter 7,
“Overcoming Mutual Myth Perceptions,” pp. 153-195. (P)
For Further Exploration:
 “Implementation of the NPT Safeguards Agreement and Relevant Provisions of
Security Council Resolutions in the Islamic Republic of Iran.” Report by the Director
General, IAEA. Nov 18, 2011. (IAEA Report, Nov. 2011)
 Tekeyh, Ray. Guardians of the Revolution: Iran and the World in the Age of the
Ayatollahs, Oxford University Press, 2009.
 Nasr, Vali. The Shia Revival. New York: W.W. Norton and Co., 2007.
 Pollack, Kenneth M. The Persian Puzzle: The Conflict between Iran and America.
New York: Random House, 2005.
 Ganji, Akbar. “The Latter-Day Sultan.” Foreign Affairs, November/December 2008.
 Podhoretz, Norman. “The Case for Bombing Iran.” Commentary Magazine, June
2007.
 Perkovich, George. “Iran Says ‘No’—Now What?” Carnegie Endowment for
International Peace, Policy Brief No. 63 September 2008.
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WEEK 14: The U.S. Opening to India: A Case Study of Success and Failure in
Negotiations
Tuesday, December 4
Required Readings:
 Mohan, C. Raja. Crossing the Rubicon: The Shaping of India's New Foreign Policy.
Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Publishers Ltd., 2003. "Returning to the West"
and “The U.S.: A Natural Ally?” pp. 57-115. (P)
 Burns, R. Nicholas. "America's Strategic Opportunity with India: The New U.S.-India
Partnership." Foreign Affairs, Nov/Dec 2007, pp. 131-146. (E)
 Kaplan, Robert. “Center Stage for the Twenty-first Century.” Foreign Affairs,
March/April 2009. (E)
 Armitage, Richard L., R. Nicholas Burns and Richard Fontaine. “Natural Allies: A
Blueprint for the Future of U.S.-India Relations.” CNAS, October 2010. (E)
 Kaplan, Robert D. Monsoon: The Indian Ocean and the Future of American Power.
New York: Random House, 2010. "China Expands Vertically, India Horizontally," pp.
5-17. (P)
For Further Exploration:
 Riedel, Bruce. “American Diplomacy in 1999 Kargill Summit at Blair House,” Center
for the Advanced Study of India, 2002.
 Nayak, Polly and Michael Krepon. “U.S. Crisis Management in South Asia’s Twin
Peaks Crisis.” Henry L. Stimson Center, September 2006.
 Talbott, Strobe. Engaging India: Diplomacy, Democracy and the Bomb. Washington
D.C: Brookings Institution Press, 2004.
 Mohan, C. Raja. Impossible Allies: Nuclear India, the United States and the Global
Order. New Delhi: India Research Press, 2006.
 Cohen, Stephen P. “More than just the 123 Agreement: The Future of U.S.-India
Relations.” Testimony before House Committee on Foreign Affairs, June 25, 2008.
 Kux, Dennis. India and the United States: Estranged Democracies 1941-1991.
University Press of the Pacific, 2002.
 Fisher, Roger and William L. Ury. Getting to Yes: Negotiating Agreement without
Giving in [2nd edition], "Don't Bargain over Positions," edited by Bruce Patton (New
York: Penguin Books USA © 1991). pp. 3-14
 Fontaine, Richard. “Moving Ahead in Afghanistan: The U.S.-India-Pakistan
Dynamic.” US-India Strategic Dialogue, The Aspen Strategy Group, 2010.
Thursday, December 6
Group Presentations on Lessons from the Course
December 11 – 21: Thirty Minute Oral Final Exams for Credit Students
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