Name ____________________
Period ___________
Study Guide for Unit 1 Test 8th Grade Science
METRIC
Based on what number? 10
Metric Tool
What does it measure?
Triple Beam Balance- mass
Graduated Cylinder- volume of liquid or displacement
for volume of a solid;
Metric Units
grams
mL ( liquid ) or
Cm3 for an irregular solid
Metric Rulerdistance or length
cm
Thermometertemperature
degrees Celsius
KHDbdch means??? Kilo – 1000; Hecto- 100; Deka – 10
; base = 1
deci – .1;
centi -.01;
milli- .001
*****BE ABLE TO DO A CONVERSION. EX: 25.2 km = ? dm ? 250, 000 dm
Definition
Units
Mass- amount of matter in an object
grams
Volume-amount of space an object or substance takes up
mL ( liquid ) or Cm3 for a solid
Volume of a liquid : What tool do you use? Graduated cylinder
Volume of a regular solid- What tool do you use? Meter stick/m. ruler
-Formula: L x W x H
Volume of an irregular solid: Tool ?
Graduated cylinder or overflow can
unit
Cm3
( remember: 1 mL = 1cm3 )
Calculate using pictures:
32 mL ; then 38 mL = 6 mL difference = 6 Cm3
MATTER (define) : anything that has mass and volume; can be pure substances ( elements or
compounds) or mixtures ( not pure, but can have pure substances in them )
Pure Substances- either elements, molecules or compounds. They are chemically combined
in molecule and compound form. They have a specific ratio of elements chemically combined
to be pure. In element form, they are only made up of 1 kind of atom.
Element- simplest pure substance; made up of only 1 kind of atom.
Compound-made up of 2 or more different atoms chemically combined in a specific ratio.
Ex: CO2 has 1 Carbon atom chemically bonded to 2 Oxygen atoms.
Mixtures (define and give an example)
Homogenous2 or more substances physically combined so they all “look” the same, but they are not! They
are evenly mixed, and particles are dissolved !
Difficult to separate, but can be through evaporation, filtering, etc.
Ex: brownie batter; milk; vanilla ice cream( has milk, sugar, vanilla flavoring and other stuff
mixed physically, but it all looks the same ); tea; coffee; lemonade
Heterogeneous2 or more substances physically combined; all looks different; large particles; can easily be
separated. Unevenly mixed, and particles are NOT dissolved.
Ex: pizza; hamburger with tomato and bun; oreo cookie; chocolate chip cookie;
Solution- has 2 parts; solute and solvent; homogeneous mixture; particles are dissolved. All
looks the same. Solute is part that dissolves; Solvent dissolves the solute.
Ex: salt is solute and water is solvent.
Suspension-Heterogeneous mixture ; cloudy; has to be shaken to be mixed; settles out while
standing. Ex: oil and vinegar; snow globe; dust in air; pond water and rocks
PROPERTIES of matter (define and list)
Physical – observable and measurable;
color, size, shape, texture; melting and freezing pts, boiling pts; malleable; ductile; viscosity;
density, mass, weight, volume , phase or state of matter.
Chemical – characteristics that can cause change in substance. Ex: flammability; ability to
rust, ability to react with water, acid or other substances;
CHANGES OF MATTER: (define):
Physical – change in form, but nothing new is created.
Ex: cutting, folding, melting, freezing, subliming, boiling, evaporating, painting a chair
Chemical -change in substance to become something new.
Ex: fizzing, bubbling, reacting with any substance; rusting; combusting, burning, change in
color that is new; cooking ; creating a gas; change in pH.
PLS. USE ALL YOUR WORKSHEETS FOR THE PHYSICAL/CHEMICAL PROPERTIES/CHANGES.