Name _______________________________________ Class _______ Date _______________
Benchmark review questions
Multiple Choice
Circle the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. What percentage of the atmosphere is composed of oxygen?
A. 12 percent
B. 21 percent
C. 58 percent
D. 78 percent
2. The lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere, the one directly above the ground, is
called the
A. troposphere.
B. stratosphere.
C. thermosphere.
D. mesosphere.
3. How does carbon monoxide affect human health?
A. It interferes with the body’s ability to deliver oxygen to cells.
B. It irritates the throat and air passages.
C. It helps the respiratory system function more efficiently.
D. It depletes ozone, causing greater exposure to the sun’s rays.
4. A(n) __________ can trap smog close to the surface. It happens when a layer of
cool, dense air stays near the ground and under a layer of warm air.
A. temperature inversion
B. acid deposition
C. air mass
D. convection current
5. Normal precipitation has a pH of about 5.6. What pH might acid precipitation
have?
A. 4.6
B. 7
C. 9.6
D. 12.6
6. Pollutants are removed or changed chemically before they leave factory
smokestacks by a(n)
A. chlorofluorocarbon.
B. scrubber.
C. inversion.
D. catalytic converter.
Benchmark Review Questions
1
Name _______________________________________ Class _______ Date _______________
7. Ozone depletion was caused by the following chemicals, which were used in
refrigerators and aerosol spray cans.
A. catalytic converters
B. fossil fuels
C. chlorofluorocarbons
D. scrubbers
Modified True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false. If false, change the identified word or
phrase to make the statement true.
__________________ 11. In general, warm air can hold less water vapor than cooler air.
__________________ 12. The ozone layer is found within the troposphere.
__________________ 13. Primary pollutants are produced when air pollutants react
chemically with other substances.
__________________ 14. Trace amounts of some air pollutants may contribute to cancer.
__________________ 15. As a result of the Clean Air Act, today, gasoline used by cars and
trucks in the U.S. contains very large quantities of lead.
How do plants affect the atmoshpere?
Two way traffic of carbon dioxide and oxygen occurs with plants. Plants take in CO2 and release
02.
Metamorphic rock- when rock is exposed to great heat and pressure.
Igneous- magma cooling and solidifyin
Sedimentary rock- rock exposed to wind, rain, ice that strip away grains and chunks of rock p.
396 layers of sediment build of time.
If building something to hold water what would you use: Clay, loam, some rocks.
5 parts of the atmosphere: Troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere thermosphere, p457
What does the atmosphere contain:
Oxygen, Nitrogen, water..
Environmental Science • Chapter 15 Test A
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Name _______________________________________ Class _______ Date _______________
Effect of O3
What is temp inversion: condition tin the trophoshpere that a layer of cooler air under warmer air
that traps pollutants like smog.
3 Characteristics of of H20- three phases of water , solid, liquid, gas. Cohesive property of
water
Formation Sedimentary rock- rock exposed to wind, rain, ice that strip away grains and chunks of
rock p. 396 layers of sediment build of time.
What do the layers of the atm containAr, Kr, Oxygen, helium, neon, Co2
What is temp inversion: condition tin the trophoshpere that a layer of cooler air under warmer air
that traps pollutants like smog.
How to test exp of fertilizer: Vary the amount of fertilizer on the plants starting with zero.
How does a wastewater treatment plant work: Prelim-trash, Prim-oil, Secondary- dissolved solids,
treatment of solids
Environmental Science • Chapter 15 Test A
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Name _______________________________________ Class _______ Date _______________
Conduction- transfer of heat directly between 2 objects in
contact w ea other
Convection- transfer of heat in a fluid as warm parts of
the fluid rise from the heat source and expand.
Radiation- transfer of energy through space
Fusion- the process of joining two 2 or mor things
together.
Environmental Science • Chapter 15 Test A
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Name _______________________________________ Class _______ Date _______________
Completion
Complete each statement on the line provided.
16. ____________________ is the force exerted by air on the area below it.
17. ____________________ describes the pattern of atmospheric conditions in large
geographic regions over long periods of time.
18. If you combine the words smoke and fog, you get the word
____________________.
19. The acids that form from pollution in the atmosphere then settle to the surface of
Earth are called acid ____________________.
20. The term ____________________ was used to describe the area of lowered ozone
concentration over Antarctica.
Short Answer
Write the answers to the questions on the lines provided.
21. List the four main layers of the atmosphere, from lowest to highest altitude.
__________________________________________________________________________
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22. Based on what you learned about radiation, describe what you could do to prevent
your home from heating up so much as a result of radiation from the sun, and
explain why it would work.
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23. During which season would you expect cold fronts to occur?
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24. Describe two of the effects of acid deposition.
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Environmental Science • Chapter 15 Test A
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Name _______________________________________ Class _______ Date _______________
25. Was the Montreal Protocol a success? Explain.
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
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Other
Use the illustration to answer the following questions.
26. Identify one part of the picture that illustrates conduction.
__________________________________________________________________________
27. What type of heat transfer is marked by letter C?
__________________________________________________________________________
28. Which letter represents the type of heat transfer that is primarily responsible for
creating winds?
__________________________________________________________________________
29. Which letter represents a type of heat transfer that does not require direct contact?
__________________________________________________________________________
30. Which main layer of the atmosphere is depicted in this diagram?
__________________________________________________________________________
Environmental Science • Chapter 15 Test A
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Name _______________________________________ Class _______ Date _______________
Essay
Write the answer to each question in the space provided.
31. Compare and contrast warm fronts and cold fronts and their effects.
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32. Describe an example of how a natural process can make air pollution caused by
humans even worse, and also describe an example of how human activities can
make natural air pollution worse.
__________________________________________________________________________
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Environmental Science • Chapter 15 Test A
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Name _______________________________________ Class _______ Date _______________
33. Compare and contrast primary and secondary air pollutants.
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
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34. Explain how a temperature inversion differs from normal tropospheric conditions
and how air pollution reacts differently in the two situations.
__________________________________________________________________________
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Environmental Science • Chapter 15 Test A
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Name _______________________________________ Class _______ Date _______________
35. Has the Clean Air Act been a success? Explain.
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
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Environmental Science • Chapter 15 Test A
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