Name____________________________
Study Guide Atomic Structure/Isotopes/ History Atomic Theory Ch 3
p.66 Dalton’s Atomic theory: full name __________________ date____________
occupation______________________
Write the 4 points of his theory:
l.
2.
3.
4.
Write Law of Definite Proportion:
__________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
In a chemical reaction atoms are not changed but only _________________________.
Define Atom:
What is the name of the tube pictured on p. 70 & 71.________________________
Who discovered the electron?___________________________ year______________
Occupation?____________________
What was the name of the beam used in the experiment?_______________________
What did he discover about his findings?___________________________________
The second person to confirm the above discovery was an American named
____________________________. What year?____________________
What was his experiment? This is on page 71.
_____________________________________________________________________
Who discovered the nucleus?____________________________
Explain the Gold Foil experiment.
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
If Thomson’s Plum pudding theory was correct all the positive alpha particles would have
traveled straight through to the foil.
True or False
What happened in the experiment that totally shocked Rutherford?
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
List Rutherford’s two conclusions about the atoms.
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Who discovered the neutron?________________________________year_____________________
Write 3 interesting items about this man. “not in book google”
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Define:
Atom:
Element:
Compound:
Can you tell the difference between an element and a compound? …. Circle all elements.
H20
Na
KClO3
CO2
O2
H2SO4
HCl
Fe
K
Ca
Three Subatomic particles:
Proton:
Location:
Charge
Mass:
Neutron:
Location:
Charge
Mass:
Electron:
Location:
Charge:
Mass
Counting Atoms
What does the atomic number tell?_____________________________ Where is it
located?__________________
What does Atomic mass tell?__________________________________ Where is it
located?__________________
All atoms of a given element have the same number of ___________ or same atomic number.
If the atomic number or number of ________________ changes, the element changes.
If atoms are electrically neutral, the number of electrons equals the atomic _____________.
KNO3
Fill in the following atomic chart
Symbol
Name
Atomic#
Atomic Mass
#p
#e
#n
Cu______________________________________________________________________________
Mg______________________________________________________________________________
O________________________________________________________________________________
Au______________________________________________________________________________
Define Isotopes: ____________________________________________________________________________
The isotopes of a particular element all have the same number of protons and electrons but different number of
__________________________. Isotopes do not differ significantly in their chemical behavior.
l. How many protons, electrons, neutrons in an atom of
2. Write Nuclear Symbol for Carbon-13.
3. Write Hyphen Notation for element with 15 electrons, 15 neutrons .
4.
Write nuclear Symbol for aluminum.
5. Write the Hphpen Notation for element with 48 protons and 88 neutrons.
Isotopes are used extensively in what field of Science? ________________________________________
Define Ion: __________________________________________________________________________
Any process that results in the formation of an ion is referred to as _______________________________
Ions have the ability conduct __________________________because of their positive and negative poles.
If an element loses an electron it becomes __________________________ . It is called _____________ .
All metals are ___________________.
If a metal loses an electron it is oxidized. OIL =______________________________________________
If an element gains an electron it becomes _____________________ . It is called __________________ .
If a non-metal gains an electron it is reduced. RIG =___________________________________________
Write the symbol for the following elements that have lost the following electrons:
Sodium lost one electron____________
Calcium lost two electrons____________
Aluminum lost three electrons_______________________
Chlorine gained one electron____________ Sulfur gained two electrons_________________
Phosphorus gained three electrons__________________
Same question that can be asked four different ways. “Critical Thinking...not just memorize”
1. Which conclusion is based on the “gold foil experiment” and the resulting model of the atom?
A. An atom is mainly empty space, and the nucleus has a positive charge.
B. An atom is mainly empty space, and the nucleus has a negative charge.
C. An atom has hardly any empty space, and the nucleus has a positive charge.
D. An atom has hardly any empty space, and the nucleus has a negative charge.
2. Subatomic particles can usually pass undeflected through an atom because the volume of an atom is
composed of:
A. an uncharged nucleus
B. largely empty space
C. neutrons
D. protons
3. In Rutherford’s gold foil experiments, some alpha particles were deflected from their original paths but
most passed through the foil with no deflection. Which statement about gold atoms is supported by
these experimental observations?
A. Gold atoms consist mostly of empty space.
B. Gold atoms are similar to alpha particles.
C. Alpha particles and gold nuclei have opposite charges.
D. Alpha particles are more dense than gold atoms.
4. An experiment in which alpha particles were used to bombard thin sheets of gold foil led to the
conclusion that an atom is composed mostly of:
A. empty space and has a small, negatively charge nucleus
B. empty space and has a small, positively charge nucleus
C. a large, dense, positively charged nucleus
D. a large, dense, negatively charged nucleus
Neils Bohr was responsible for the Modern Atomic Theory of electrons and energy levels.
Define:
ground state atom:
Excited state atom:
What is light made of:______________________________________
Explain what light does to an electron.
__________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
Explain what happens when an electron falls back to a lower energy level.
__________________________________________________________________________________________
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