Getting ahead. Educational and occupational trajectories of the ‘new’ second-generation in
Switzerland.
Online Appendix
APPENDIX A: TECHNICAL DETAILS – DEPENDENT VARIABLE
Figure A1: Educational and occupational trajectories in Switzerland based in TIES
survey (decision tree for classification of trajectories)
Notes: This decision tree provides additional insights into how we classified the combination of pathways as
dependent variable. It shows all 42 possible combination of unique sequences. Starting point: end of primary
education; Low-sec: low = Lower-secondary education with elementary requirements; Low-sec: high= Lowersecondary education with extended requirements; Upper-sec: low = Vocational orientated upper-secondary
education; Upper-sec: high= Baccalaureate orientated upper-secondary education; LM 0= inactive on the labour
market; LM 1= unskilled occupational position; LM 2= skilled occupational position, LM 3= routine
occupational position; LM 4= professional occupational position.
Getting ahead. Educational and occupational trajectories of the ‘new’ second-generation in
Switzerland.
Online Appendix
Additional information on classification of trajectories
Based on the decision tree presented above, related trajectories were first clustered into 10
distinct groups which were then further classified into four major ‘families of trajectories’
(compare Table A1, below).
Constant successful trajectories
1. Straight up: lower secondary education with extended requirements, baccalaureateoriented upper secondary education, tertiary education, executive and professional
workers.
2. Straight
medium:
lower
secondary education
with
extended
requirements,
baccalaureate-oriented upper secondary education, routine or skilled worker.
Upward trajectories
3. Upward mobility – labor market: lower secondary education with elementary
requirements, vocational-training-oriented upper secondary education, skilled or
routine worker.
4. Upward mobility – education: lower secondary education with elementary
requirements, baccalaureate-oriented upper secondary education, routine or skilled
worker (few cases also followed tertiary education before entering the labor market).
5. Upward mobility – education and labor market: lower secondary education with
elementary requirements, baccalaureate-oriented upper secondary education, executive
and professional workers.
6. Bumpy (discontinuous) upward mobility: lower secondary education with extended
requirements, vocational-training-oriented upper secondary education, executive and
professional workers.
Downward trajectories
7. Downward mobility – education: lower secondary education with extended
requirements, vocational-training-oriented upper secondary education, unskilled
worker or inactive.
8. Downward mobility – labor market: lower secondary education with extended
requirements, baccalaureate-oriented upper secondary education, unskilled worker or
inactive.
Getting ahead. Educational and occupational trajectories of the ‘new’ second-generation in
Switzerland.
Online Appendix
9. Bumpy (discontinuous) downward mobility: lower secondary education with
elementary requirements, baccalaureate-oriented upper secondary education, unskilled
worker or inactive.
Constant unsuccessful pathway
10. Straight low: lower secondary education with elementary requirements, vocationaltraining-oriented upper secondary education (at maximum), unskilled worker or
inactive.
Getting ahead. Educational and occupational trajectories of the ‘new’ second-generation in Switzerland.
Table A1: Classification of trajectories (dependent variable)
Online Appendix
Getting ahead. Educational and occupational trajectories of the ‘new’ second-generation in Switzerland.
Source: TIES Survey Switzerland (2007-08)
Online Appendix
Getting ahead. Educational and occupational trajectories of the ‘new’ second-generation in
Switzerland.
Online Appendix
APPENDIX B: ADDITIONAL ESTIMATIONS
Table B1: Multinomial logistic regression of educational and occupational pathways:
Final model (Reference category: constant successful paths, average marginal effects)
Upward
trajectories
Ref. Majority group
2nd Generation Turkey
2nd Generation W. Balkan
0.136 *
0.110 *
Downward
trajectories
Unsuccessful
trajectories
-0.086
-0.040
-0.007
-0.013
Female
-0.017
-0.047 *
Parental SES
Family size above average
Exoneration from household
obligations
Family cohesion
Parent-child communication
-0.070 **
0.041
0.030
-0.042 +
-0.029 **
0.019
-0.001
0.007
0.025 +
-0.009
-0.006
-0.018 +
-0.008
0.006
-0.002
Has children
Attitudes towards compatibility of
family and work
Self-efficacy
-0.035
Above-average support by teachers
Feelings of being discriminated
against
Proportion Swiss peers in school
Proportion Swiss peers today
Adj. R2 (McFadden)
% correctly predicted
Observations
-0.002
0.025 *
0.012 +
-0.052 +
-0.063
-0.093
0.049 +
0.015
0.050 *
-0.018
-0.007
-0.017 **
-0.018 **
-0.047 *
-0.027 *
0.039
0.043
-0.024
0.012
-0.001
-0.071 *
0.22
56.9
1107
Notes: Statistical significance: + p<0.10, * p<0.05, ** p<0.01, *** p<0.001. All models are controlled for age
and urban area of residence.
Source: TIES Survey Switzerland (2007-08)
Getting ahead. Educational and occupational trajectories of the ‘new’ second-generation in
Switzerland.
Online Appendix
Table B2: Multinomial logistic regression of divergent types of upward mobility
trajectories (Reference category: Education and Work, average marginal effects)
ED
LM
Ref. Majority group
2nd Generation Turkey
2nd Generation W. Balkan
-0.049
0.053
-0.009
-0.091
Female
-0.101 *
0.035
Parental SES
Family size above average
Exoneration from household
obligations
Family cohesion
Parent-child communication
-0.059 *
-0.061 +
0.004 +
0.020
Has children
Attitudes towards compatibility of
family and work
Self-efficacy
Above-average support by teachers
Feelings of being discriminated
against
Proportion Swiss peers in school
Proportion Swiss peers today
Adj. R2 (McFadden)
% correctly predicted
Observations
-0.012
0.008
0.006
0.011
-0.007
-0.022
0.032
-0.003
-0.046 **
-0.014 +
0.015
-0.006
0.002
-0.038
0.012
-0.068
0.012
-0.031
-0.009
-0.008
0.16
52.1
610
Notes:. ED= Upward mobility through education. LM= Upward mobility through the labour market. Statistical
significance: + p<0.10, * p<0.05, ** p<0.01, *** p<0.001. All models are controlled for age and urban area of
residence.
Source: TIES Survey Switzerland (2007-08)
Getting ahead. Educational and occupational trajectories of the ‘new’ second-generation in
Switzerland.
Online Appendix
APPENDIX C: SWISS EDUCATION SYSTEM
Figure C1: The Swiss Education System