PMHS
Social Psych
Name_______________________________
AIM: To study for test
True or False: Circle True if correct and False if incorrect
1.
2.
3.
4.
True or False: Unconditioned can also mean NOT learned or automatic.
True or False: Conditioned responses are involuntary.
True or False: Reinforcement is learning without consequences.
True or False: Pavlov demonstrated that a neutral stimulus can elicit or cause an
unrelated response if it is associated with an unconditioned stimulus.
5. True or False: In Pavlov’s experiment, food was the unconditioned stimulus.
6. True or False: In punishment, an unpleasant consequence makes the rat increase
his performance of a certain behavior.
7. True or False: If someone is given a reward (2 pieces of gum at the start of each
class), they will always increase the amount of work completed.
8. True or False: Punishment and negative reinforcement are the same.
9. True or False: Cognitive learning can also be referred to as mental processing.
10. True or False: Skinner is the psychologist most associated with operant
conditioning.
11. True or False: Watson used “Little Albert” and the white rat to prove that fear
could be conditioned.
12. True or False: Becoming ill after eating a certain food may result in taste
aversion.
13. True or False: Positive and negative reinforcement make a person/animal increase
the desired behavior.
14. True or False: Skinner put his daughter in a box.
15. True or False: Negative reinforcement decreases or stops behavior.
16. True or False: Classical conditioning involves a biological or automatic response.
17. True or False: An unconditioned stimulus naturally or automatically stimulates a
biological response.
Matching: Mark the BEST choice that completes the sentence, answers the question
and/or fills in the blank.
18. In classical conditioning, the unconditioned stimulus elicits: a) automatic
response; b) a learned response; c) a conditioned stimulus; d) salivation
19. When an organism responds to a new stimulus that is similar to the original
conditioned stimulus it is called _________. a) unconditioned response;
b) neutral stimulus; c) generalization; d) extinction
20. On a _______________ schedule, reinforcement is available at predetermined
times. For example: a paycheck given weekly. a) Fixed ratio; b) variable ratio;
c) fixed interval; d) variable interval
21. A gambler at a slot machine operates on a ________________ schedule. This is
one of the most effective in getting a person/animal to perform behavior. a) Fixed
ratio; b) variable ratio; c) fixed interval; d) variable interval
22. An animal that is reinforced every fifth response is on a__________ schedule:
a) Fixed ratio; b) variable ratio; c) fixed interval; d) variable interval
23. _________ discovered the principles of classical learning. a) Pavlov;
b) Skinner; c) Bandura; d) Tolman
24. A stimulus or event that affects the likelihood that a behavior will be ______ is
called reinforcement: a) repeated; b) decreased; c) stopped; d) all of the above
25. When shaping a rat or approximating, rewards to reinforce behavior should be
given within ________________ of the rat performing the behavior.
a) 25 seconds; b) 1 hour; c) 1 day; d) 1 week
26. The sound of a sizzling frying pan causes Ralph to salivate uncontrollably. The
sound of the sizzling frying pan is a: a) unconditioned stimulus; b) conditioned
stimulus; c) unconditioned response; d) conditioned response; e) neutral
stimulus
27. An animal is placed in a cage and shocked. The next time the animal is placed in
the same cage, it begins to show anxiety and attempts to flee the cage. The cage
has become a(n)_________________. a) Unconditioned stimulus; b) neutral
stimulus; c) conditioned stimulus; d) conditioned response
28. You had a car crash in a Jeep. Now you will never buy a Jeep again. ________
is occurring: a) extinction; b) positive reinforcement; c) generalization;
d) punishment
29. A puff of air is blown into someone’s eye. The person blinks. What does the
blink represent? a) Unconditioned stimulus; b) neutral stimulus;
c) unconditioned response; d) conditioned response
30. Desired Behavior is underlined
*Student yells and screams until rat touches white side of block.
*Student gives rat a pat on the back when rat touches white side of block.
These sentences describe the difference between: a) extinction and generalization;
b) rewards and punishments; c) positive and negative reinforcement; d) Good and
bad shaping
Use the following examples to explain negative and positive reinforcement:
I.
Parents let you use the car when grades are high
II.
Parents will make you wash the car if grades start dropping slightly, so
you can keep grades high
31. Negative reinforcement is making a person/animal perform a certain behavior by
taking away stimulus or avoiding something unpleasant. Which is negative?
a) I; b) II; c) both I and II; d) none
32. Positive reinforcement is making a person/animal perform a certain behavior by
following the behavior with something pleasant. Which is positive?
a) I; b) II; c) both I and II; d) none
33. Which is NOT an example of an involuntary action? a) mouth watering; b) heart
beating fast when feeling anxious; c) eating from a dish of food; d) all above
34. If you stop presenting the unconditioned stimulus, the conditioned response
lessens in strength. This process is called: a) extinction; b) positive
reinforcement; c) generalization; d) punishment
35. Define the following:
Neutral Stimulus
Fixed Ratio
Conditioned stimulus
Fixed Interval
Taste Aversion
Variable Ratio
Generalization
Variable Interval
Cognitive learning
36. What is the difference between operant and classical conditioning? Give an
example for each.
37. What is the difference between punishment and negative reinforcement? Give an
example of each.
38. Why is a variable ratio schedule the best way to reinforce learning? Give an
example.
39. Name one thing you were able to get your rat to do and explain one positive and
one negative reinforcement used on your rat.
40. How did Watson condition fear into Little Albert. Include NS, UCS, UCR, CS,
CR and show extinction.
41. Define 4 schedules of reinforcement and explain an example for each.
More and more questions
Write whether the statement is Classical (C), Operant (O), Social (S), or Cognitive
(CG) Conditioning
________ Dog jumps on people because every time she does, they pet her.
________ An athlete watches their coach shoot a foul shot to learn how to better use
their legs.
________ A student is given money when they get good grades on their report card.
________A dog is afraid of newspapers because its owner always smacks him with
rolled pages.
________ A rat memorizes a maze.
________ The sound of a sizzling frying pan makes Ralph salivate uncontrollably.
________ Child cries to make his parents change his diaper.
________ Child cries to make her parents buy her a toy.
________ A student smells baby wipes and thinks of rats because of using them with
his pet rat for a month.
________ When students yell, “rat on the floor” in Social Psychology, almost
everyone freezes and looks to help the situation.
Write whether the following examples are avoidance or escape
________ Studying for this test, so you don’t fail
________ Teacher and parents yelling until you open your notes and study