Statistics on Excel
Hint: Know how to quickly and safely highlight a table in Word and copy that
table to Excel. Once the table is in Excel, remember to remove any
formatting and autofit columns.
• You should already know how to use the Function feature to do simple statistics
such as: minimum, maximum, average (mean)*, standard deviation, etc. to
either a row or column of data in Excel. This is under the pull down: INSERT 
Function… or the Fx key. There is a review task on this at the end of this file.
* Statisticians use the term “mean” for the “arithmetic average.” The
programmers of Excel used the word “average.”
When using Excel:
average = mean
• You should also know how to write your own formula to do such things as:
calculate percent, add two columns, divide a number by 5, etc. There is also a
review task on this at the end of this file.
• The other statistical feature on Excel is called Analysis Toolpak and is located
under
TOOLS  Data Analysis...
Task: Use Data Analysis to do the following on the set of data below.
• Be sure to always include labels on the output. • Be able to copy and paste the
output to a Word file.
• Calculate the descriptive statistics on all 3 columns of data (see below).
• Determine the correlation coefficient between just Test 1 and Test 3.
Note: This is called the Pearson’s correlation coefficient
• Extra: Use the INSERT  Function… PEARSON for the same Test 1 & 3
data.
• Determine the correlation coefficients among all 3 sets of data.
• Do regression using the y-variable (Test 1) and the x-variable (Test 2)
• Do regression using the y-variable (Test 1) and the x-variables are Tests 2 & 3
• Do a paired t-test between Test 1 and Test 2.
[Excel calls this t-test: Paired Two-Sample for Means]
• Do an independent t-test (assuming equal variances) between Test 1 and Test
3.
[Excel calls this t-test: Two-Sample Assuming Equal Variances]
• Extra: Use the INSERT  Function… TTEST for the same two t-tests that
you did above using the same columns of data.
Note: You can select either a 1 tail of 2 tail test – your choice.
Read what “type” of t-test to use to match above.
Compare the t-test values that the Function calculated to the values in the
Data Analysis output. Notice that the Function t-test calculates either
the 1-tail or 2-tail P-value for the data.
• Extra: Do a one-way analysis of variance for the 3 tests, using Data
Analysis. Excel calls this ANOVA: single factor.
Test 1
21
17
17
16
23
15
18
21
20
Test
22
16
22
21
26
18
20
25
19
Test 3
23
25
27
24
21
21
22
26
19
Review:
Use the Function feature in Excel to calculate the total, mean, standard
deviation, minimum, and maximum for all 6 columns of data. Also write your own
formulas to calculate z-scores for each of the 3 tests.
Formula: z-score = (x-mean)/ st. dev
Test 1
21
17
17
16
23
15
18
21
20
Total
Mean
Test 1 z-score
Test 2
22
16
22
21
26
18
20
25
19
Test 2 z-score
Test 3
23
25
27
24
21
21
22
26
19
Test 3 z-score
St. Deviation
Minimum
Maximum
z-score =
(x-mean)/st dev
Formula
Review #2
There are many ways that Excel can be used to analyze numerical data. Those
who have had a statistics course have undoubtedly seen another statistical
package to analyze data (ex. Minitab). It was not the purpose of the class to
have the student understand any statistical output, however, students should
know various ways that Excel can be used to analyze numerical data.
Answer:
Excel - Data Analysis feature (descriptive statistics and tests for correlation,
regression, t-tests
Excel - Function feature (descriptive statistics and also calculate correlation
coefficient and the P-values for the t-tests
Excel – write your own formulas
Excel - Sort data
Excel - Database feature (AutoFilter can be used to sort records as well as
extract records based on different criteria; and database formulas
can be used to calculate statistics on specified records)
The last two are covered on other tasks in this folder: