ARTICULATORY ANATOMY
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BONES OF THE FACE (14)
• Mandible (1)
• Maxilla (2)
• Palatine (2)
Inferior concha or turbinates (2)
• Zygomatic (2)
• Vomer (1)
• Lacrimal (2)
• Nasal (2)
MANDIBLE (1)
– unpaired bone that makes the lower jaw and the lower dental ridge
– the mandible includes a body, the angle and a ramus
– the ramus projects upward into two processes
• a condylar process which articulates with the temporal bone at the
temporomandibular joint (TMJ)
• a coronoid process which provides attachment for the temporalis muscle
MAXILLA (2)
– paired bones that makes the upper jaw and upper dental ridge
– make up most of the roof of the mouth and the floor of the nose
PALATINE (2)
– paired bones that make the posterior one fourth of the hard palate
INFERIOR NASAL CONCHA (2)
– also known as inferior turbinates
– are small bones placed on the lateral surface of the nasal cavity
VOMER (1)
– unpaired, midline bone making up the inferior and posterior nasal septum
ZYGOMATIC (2)
– paired bone making up the prominent structure we identify as cheekbones
BONES OF THE CRANIUM (08)
• Temporal (2)
• Parietal (2)
• Occipital (1)
• Frontal (1)
• Ethmoid (1)
• Sphenoid (1)
TEMPORAL (2)
– paired bone which houses the hearing mechanism
• external ear
• middle ear
• inner ear
– articulates with the condylar process of the mandible at the TMJ
– processes
• mastoid
• styloid process
PARIETAL (2)
– paired bone which form the top middle portion of the braincase
OCCIPITAL (1)
– unpaired bone which make up the floor of the braincase
– it has an opening (foramen) through which the spinal cord exits the brain
case
FRONTAL (1)
– unpaired bone which make up the bony forehead
ETHMOID (1)
– complex and delicate bone sharing parts of the nasal, orbital and cranial
spaces
SPHENOID (1)
– complex bone, very important in the cranial structure
– consists of a corpus, greater wings, lesser wings, lateral and medial
pterygoid plates
– medial pterygoid plates has a process called hamulus
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DENTITION
Deciduous, primary, temporary or shedding teeth
– 20 teeth - 10 upper, 10 lower
Permanent or secondary teeth
– 32 teeth - 16 upper, 16 lower